2023学年中考英语易错易丢分专题16完形填空含解析.doc

完形填空 丢分题详解 【2023年 • 北京卷】 Run for Class President Two months ago, when our class election(选举) started, I decided to run for class president. I enjoyed speaking in public and got along well with people, so I felt it easy to win. But I was ___13___ that people would feel bad for me if I lost. I was busy preparing in the following week. My plan wasn’t to make promises to do things I couldn’t ___14___ but to show my class why I wanted to be president. I put up my posters in hallways and in the classroom. I also spent three hours writing my speech, saying that I was the one they could turn to whenever they had a problem. Since I was ___15___prepared, I felt that my chances of winning were strong. However, when I gave my speech on Election Day, the response(反应) wasn’t what I had ___16___. Few people actually listened. When it was my opponent’s(对手的) turn, everyone was screaming his name. His speech was short, but all to the point. By then, I realized I should have made mine shorter and clearer. It was obvious who would ___17___. For the rest of the day, I felt like it was over. I wanted to just go home and cry, but I made it through. My ___18___ was right: I didn’t win. The next day, people were still talking about the election. I just pretended(假装) not to hear. But later, things got better. People ___19___about the election and talked to me just as they did before. I don’t regret putting time and energy into the election because I’ve learned that things aren’t always going the way I expect. And moments of failure like this build ___20___ —since then I’ve learned to face disappointment and grown stronger. 13. A. bored B. afraid C. excited D. hopeful 14. A. compare B. remember C. manage D. repeat 15. A. fully B. quickly C. freshly D. physically 16. A. feared B. faced C. mentioned D. pictured 17. A. insist B. return C. wait D. win 18. A. suggestion B. prediction C. direction D. introduction 19. A. forgot B. wrote C. cared D. discussed 20. A. trust B. pride C. character D. support 【文章大意】这篇短文中作者记叙了两个月前他参加竞选班长的经历，他为了这个竞选做了充分的准备，以为胜券在握，但事实并非如此，他的竞争对手最后赢得了竞选。通过这件事作者学到了很多，他并不后悔为此付出的精力和时间，经历失败会让他变得更加坚强。 13. B【解析】句意：但是我害怕如果我输了，人们会为我难过。考查形容词辨析，bored感到无聊的；afraid害怕的；excited兴奋的；hopeful有希望的。根据上句话I enjoyed speaking in public and got along well with people, so I felt it easy to win.和句中…that people would feel bad for me if I lost.可知，作者自己感觉没什么，但是＂害怕人们会为他难过＂，故应选B。 14. C【解析】句意：我的计划不是承诺去做我无法做到的事情，而是向全班展示我为什么想要成为班长。考查动词辨析，compare对比；remember记得，记住；manage设法做到，管理；repeat重复。根据句意My plan wasn’t to make promises to do things…可知，作者不承诺去做自己做不到的事情，故应选C。 15. A【解析】句意：既然我做了充分的准备，我感觉我获胜的机会非常大。考查副词辨析，fully充分地；quickly快速地；freshly新近，气味清新地；physically身体上地。根据上文I put up my posters in hallways and in the classroom. I also spent three hours writing my speech, saying that I was the one they could turn to whenever they had a problem可知，作者为竞选做了充分的准备。故应选A。 16. D【解析】句意：然而，当我在选举日那天做演讲的时候，得到的回应与我想象的不同。考查动词辨析，feared畏惧，害怕；faced面对；mentioned提到，提及；pictured想象。根据句意可知，现场的反应与作者想象的是不同的。故应选D。 17. D【解析】句意：谁会赢是很明显的。考查动词辨析，insist坚持；return归还，回来；wait等待；win赢。根据文意和下文My ... was right: I didn’t win.可知，作者在参加一个班长的竞选，因此这里应表示＂赢得竞选＂，故应选D。 18. B【解析】句意：我的预测是对的：我没有赢。考查名词辨析，suggestion建议；prediction预测；direction方向；introduction介绍。根据上文It was obvious who would... For the rest of the day, I felt like it was over. I wanted to just go home and cry, but I made it through.可知，作者已经猜到了谁会赢得这次竞选。故这里应表示＂我的预测是对的＂，选B。 19. A【解析】句意：人们忘记了选举的事，像以前一样和我说话。考查动词辨析，forgot忘记；wrote写；cared关心，在乎；discussed讨论。根据语境But later, things got better. …and talked to me just as they did before.可知，后来人们就慢慢忘记了竞选的事，又和以前一样了。故应选A。 20. C【解析】句意：像这样的失败的时刻会塑造性格—从那以后，我学会了面对失望，变得更加坚强。考查名词辨析。trust相信，信任；pride骄傲；character性格；support支持。根据空后since then I’ve learned to face disappointment and grown stronger.可知，经历失败，作者变得更加坚强，所以失败的经历能塑造性格。故应选C。 丢分探因 一、完形填空的做题误区 　　很多学生说，他们做完形填空时，往往采用＂翻译法和代入法＂，即做题时翻译文章内容，感觉哪个合适选哪个，看看划横线处有没有一些固定搭配，然后作选择或者填空。 　　其实这样做是很危险的： 　　① 在实际考试中，翻译很容易受母语影响，进行错误选择； 　　② 并不是所谓固定搭配一定是正确选项，完形填空是考查单词在语境中的运用。如果这个搭配或短语是不符合语篇、段落逻辑的，即便是固定说法，也是不合适的，在阅卷的时候这样的答案一定是错误的。 二、考查重点及解题思路 　　纵观这几年中考真题、一模、二模试卷，以及一些学校的月考、期中、期末试卷发现，完形填空重点考查单词，短语在句子、段落、篇章中的含义，而并非单词本身的＂认知＂含义。 　　这就为什么一些同学其实单词量并不缺乏，但完形却得分率不高的原因。 　　完形填空非常强调逻辑对应，请大家注意以下几点： 　　1. 首句重点读 　　首句很多情况是topic sentence(主题句)，告诉你文章的背景和主旨。首句一般不设空，如果首句设空，请重点读后面的例子，例子里面会提供线索。现在很多考题都是用后面的例子印证首句。 　　【例】These days, it is ______ for children as young as Sammy to be so good at computers. Many Children use computers at home or at school and some schools even have their own websites. 　　A. hard B. unusual 　　C. common D. dangerous 　　【解析】如果教师或者学生去分析这四个词用法，那就和这道考题背道而驰了，首句设空，我们重点读后面的那句话＂很多孩子在家里，学校使用电脑，甚至一些学校有他们自己的网站＂，说明对电脑的使用是持肯定意见的，选项C为正确答案， A、B 、D 都为否定意见，故不选。 　　2. 重点关注例子与例子之间的关系 　　几个例子联合起来都是去证明本文中心的，但例子与例子有时候会有正反对比或者是平行关系。 　　【例】If the test taker answers _____, the next item will be more difficult. If he or she answers incorrectly, the next question will be easier. 　　A. briefly B. smartly 　　C. correctly D. thoroughly 　　【解析】＂ more difficult＂与后面＂easier＂形成对比，＂incorrectly＂ 对应的显然是＂correctly＂。