2023年高中英语语法宾语从句讲解.docx

高中英语语法宾语从句讲解 篇一：高中宾语从句精讲及练习(含答案) 宾语从句 学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。 宾语从句在复合句中起宾语的作用，可以作动词的宾语，也可以做介词的宾语作动词的宾语: I heard that he would come here later on. 主语 谓语动词 一个句子作宾语 作介词的宾语: He said nothing about who broke the window last night. 主语 谓语动词 代词作动词的宾语 介词 一个句子作介词的宾语 2.宾语从句中引导词（连接词）的用法 在复合句中作主句的宾语，引导词有： 连词：that (that 常可省略),whether, if 代词：who, whose, what ,which 副词：when ,where, how, why 等。 ① 连词： He told me (that he would) go to the college the next year 他告诉我他明年上大学. I don’t know if there will be a bus any more. 我不明白是否还会有公交车. Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam. 没有人明白他是否会通过. that引导的宾语从句（在非正式场合that可以省略） 可跟that从句做宾语的动词有： say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report等。 The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets. Attention：宾语从句的否认转移 当主句谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose, expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否 定时，常把否认转移至主句表示。I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that. 主句的谓语动词是 think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等,同时主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否认词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑征询句一般与宾语从句一致. I don’t believe that man is killed by Jim,is he 我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的,是不是 I expect our English teacher will be back this weekend, wont she/he We suppose you have finished the project, havent you 假设宾语从句中有某个含有否认意义的描绘词或副词(不包含带有否认前缀的词，如：unhappy，unfair，dislike等),其反义疑征询句要用确信方式. We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully, does he 我们觉察他从不细心听老师讲课，是不是？ 当主句的主语是第二、三人称时，其反义疑征询句一般与主句保持一致。 Your sister supposes she needs no help, doesnt she You thought they could have completed the project, didnt you They dont believe shes an engineer, do they She doesnt expect that we are coming so soon, does she 练习题 (1)．I don’t think he is right,__________ A．isn’t he B．is he C．do I D．don’t I (2). He believes she is right, __________ A．doesn’t he B．does he C．is she D．isn’t she (3).I thought that he disliked playing football,__________ A．didn’t he B．did he C．did I D．didn’t I (4). I find _____ important that we practice English every day. A. it B. this C. that D. what (5). You can’t imagine ____when they received the nice gift. A. how they were excited B. how excited they were C. how excited were they D. they were how excited 在以下情况中that不能省略 1、当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。 I believe（that）you have done your best and that things will get better． 2、 当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that一般不可省。 Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap. 3、 当that从句是双宾语中的直截了当宾语时，that不可省。 I can’t tell him that his mother died. 4、当it作方式宾语时 例句：She made it clear that she had nothing to do with him． 许多带复合宾语的句子，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后部，而用it作方式宾语。 5、当宾语从句前置时 That our team will win，I believe． 6、当that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的宾语时; 由whether,if 引导的宾语从句 当由一般疑征询句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否〞。如： I dont know if ／whether he still lives here after so many years．我不明白这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。 但在以下情况下只能用whether，不能用if： ①在具有选择意义，又有or或or not时，尤其是直截了当与or not连用时，往往用whether（ifor not也可以使用）。如： Let me know whether ／if he will come or not．（＝Let me know whether or not he will come）让我明白他是否能来。 I dont know whether ／if he does any washing or not．（＝I dont know whether or not he does any washing．）我不明白他洗不洗衣服。 I wonder whether we stay or whether wego．我不明白我们是去仍然留。 ②在介词之后用whether。如： Im interested in whether he likes English．我关心的是他是否喜欢英语。 Were thinking about whether we can finish the work on time．我们正在考虑是否能按时完成这项工作。 ③在不定式前用whether。如： He hasnt decided whether to visit the old man．他尚未决定是否访征询那位老人。 He hasnt decided whether to go by bus or by train．他还未决定是乘公共汽车去仍然坐火车去。 ④whether置于句首时，不能换用if。如： Whether this is true or not，I cant say．这是否确实我说不上来。 ⑤引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether。如： Whether she will come or not is still a question．她是否能来仍然个征询题。 ⑥假设用if会引起歧义时，那么用whether。如： Please let me know if you like the book．可理解为： b．If you like the book，please let me know．你假设喜欢这本书，请告诉我 只能用if不能用whether引导的宾语从句 1、 if引导条件状语从句，意为“假设〞 The students will go on a picnic if it is sunny. 2、 if引导否认概念的宾语从句时 He asked if I didn’t come to school yesterday. 3、 引导状语从句even if（即便）和as if（好象）时 He talks as if he has known all about it. 连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句 如此的宾语从句实际上是由特别疑征询句变化而来的，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。用于这种构造的动词常常是：see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, show, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, discover, understand, inform, advise等。 ②连接代词：who,whom,whose,which,what,在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语。 连接代词一般指疑征询,但what, whatever除了指疑征询外,也可以指陈述. Do you know who has won Red Alert game 你明白是谁赢得了红色警报的游戏么？ The book will show you what the best CEOs should know. 这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该理解什么. Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone 你决定好是买诺基亚仍然摩托罗拉的了吗 ③连接副词有：when,where,why,how，在句中担任状语的成分。 He didn’t tell me when we should meet again. 他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面. Could you please tell me how you use the