2023年仁爱版初三英语上复习资料26.docx

Unit 4 Reading The history of basketball  　 一、教学内容：  本篇文章重点单词和词组： invent 创造 inventor创造者，创造家 court球场 factory工厂 challenge向…挑战 indoors在室内 hard硬的 wooden木质的 touch接触、碰撞 hoop篮圈 basket篮 balcony看座、看台 divide 分、分开 backboard篮板 replace替代、替换 compete竞争、对抗 earn挣得 NBA〔National Basketball Association 〕全美篮球协会 increase增加，增长 separate 分、分开 non－contact sport互不接触的运动 divide into 把…分成 in history在历史上 stop … from …阻止 be replaced by 被…取代 much more 更加，更不用说 课文大意： 请大家看一下练习题的第二道，从这个题我们可以了解到文章的大意，即篮球开展的历史过程： In 1861 , basketball’s inventor was born. In 1891 , the first game of basketball was played. In 1936 , basketball became an Olympic event. Since 1949 , basketball courts have been seen everywhere in factories , schools , and even  houses in China.   二. 重点、难点： 1. China is a large country with many different and interesting ways of doing things. with在这里表情况 在中国这样一个大国里，各种不同的做事方式无奇不有 2. But people who travel around China can always see one thing that is the same everywhere   basketball. 在本句中出现了两个定语从句 〔1〕Who travel around China 〔2〕that is the same everywhere 分别修饰people 和one thing 翻译时应把定语从句放在所修饰词的前面 但在中国旅游的人总能看到一样东西各处都是一样的－－篮球 3. This much - loved sport is enjoyed by men and women , and by young and old. 〔1〕much - loved为合成词，深受人喜爱的，是个形容词 类似的词有kind-hearted热心肠的warm-hearted near-sighted近视眼的 three-legged 三条腿的 〔2〕be enjoyed by为被动语态，应译为“被…喜爱的，深受…喜爱的〞 〔3〕young 和old在这里被用作名词，应译为年轻人和老人 这项运动深受男女老幼的喜爱 4. The sport of basketball is a little over a hundred years old. a little over应译为稍多于 5. Since 1949 , basketball courts have been seen everywhere. have been seen 是现在完成时被动语态 它的构成为主语＋have / has / been +过去分词 自从1949年，篮球场已经在中国的工厂，学校甚至家庭中随处可见。 6. Millions of people play the sport for fun and exercise , but few people know how  basketball started. 〔1〕million 当我们说一百万、两百万、三百万…时，million不变复数 one / a million ， 2 million 3 million 而说“数以百万计〞的，million 应变复数 millions of 〔2〕few 几乎没有 few+可数名词 上百万的人出于娱乐和锻炼的目的打篮球，但很少有人知道篮球的起源 7. Basketball was invented by a Canadian doctor. was invented by 是一般过去时的被动语态，应译成被创造 其句式是主语＋was / were ＋过去分词＋by短语 8. his teacher challenged the class to invent a new game challenge 〔1〕n. 名词，挑战 It’s really a challenge for me. 这对我来说确实是个挑战。 〔2〕v. 动词＝ask someone to do something different , challenge sb to a game of tennis. 要求某人参加网球比赛 She challenged the newspaper to prove its story. 她要求这家报纸证实报道的真实性 9. the teacher wanted a game that people could play indoors. 〔1〕indoor形容词，在室内进行或放置的，适用于室内的 indoor games , activities 室内游戏、活动 〔2〕indoors 副词，在室内，往室内 go / stay indoors 进/留在屋内 10. But he wanted the game to be a non-contact sport because it would be played on hard  wooden floors would be played 为过去将来时被动语态 其构成为would + be + 过去分词 11. If people touched , they could fall down and get hurt . 如果人们互相接触的话，他们就会摔倒并且受伤。 get hurt 也可以说be hurt , get为系动词，hurt为过去分词 12. He put them high on the balcony where people sat looking down at the players 他把它们〔篮筐〕放在比拟高的位置，这样人们〔观众〕就可以坐在看台上俯视篮球运发动了。 〔1〕Where people sat looking down at the players. 这局部为定语从句，修饰前面的balcony. 〔2〕looking down 为现在分词，表伴随的动作 〔3〕balcony此处为“看台〞，此外，它还有“阳台〞的含义。 13. He divided them into two teams of nine and taught them how to play his new game. 他把他们〔18人〕分成9人的两队，然后教他们如何做这个新游戏 divide into 是个词组意为“分成〞 If you divide 6 into 30 / divide 30 by 6 , the answer is 5. 以6除30，答案为5。 The teacher divide the students into 2 parts. 老师把同学们分成两局部 14. They played the first basketball game in history . in history是个词组，意为“在历史上〞 15. The backboards behind the baskets were added to stop people in the balcony from trying  to catch the ball 〔1〕stop sb from doing 阻止某人做某事 Can you stop the child from getting into mischief 你不能制止那个孩子恶作剧吗？ What can stop us from going if we want to go 如果我们要去，什么能阻止我们不能成行呢？ 〔2〕were added 为被动语态，“被加进去〞 整句应译为：篮筐后面的篮板被加了进来，以防止看台上的观众接住球 16. Later , the baskets were replaced by net. be replaced by 被…代替 后来，篮子被篮网代替了。 17. For many years , Americans were the most famous basketball players , but the sport is  much more international. 多年以来，美国人一直以篮球著称于世，但这项运动更是一场国际化的运动。 much more 是个词组，意为更加，更不用说 如：It’s difficult to understand his books , much more his lectures. 他的书难懂，它的演讲就更难懂了。 18. Many top players from around the world earn big money playing in America’s NBA. 很多顶尖的运发动通过在美国NBA中打球挣大钱。 〔1〕top players 顶尖运发动，我们还可以说top students. 〔2〕playing …为现在分词作状语表方式 课文结构分析： 本篇文章共6段〔6 paragraphs〕 1段和2段应为一局部The situation in China. 中国的情况 〔1〕Basketball is enjoyed by men and women , and by young and old. 〔2〕Few people know how basketball started 3段和4段应为一局部 How was b