2023学年高考英语一轮复习Unit1Greatscientists课时作业（人教版）必修5.doc

Unit 1　Great scientists Ⅰ.阅读理解 A [2023年·洛阳市、许昌市第一次质量检测]Looking back on my childhood, I am convinced that naturalists are born and not made. Although we were all brought up in the same way, my brothers and sisters soon abandoned their pressed flowers and insects. Unlike them, I had no ear for music and languages. I was not an early reader and I could not do mental maths. I have only the unmemorable memory of the house we lived in, of my room and my toys. Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins who gathered next door. But I do have a crystal clear memory of the dogs, the farm animals, the local birds, and above all the insects. I am a naturalist, not a scientist. I have a strong love of the natural world, and my enthusiasm has led me into varied investigations. I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil while reading about other people's observations and discoveries. Then something happens that brings these observations together in my conscious mind. This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers and books, which some might honour with the title of scientific research. But curiosity, a keen eye, a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist: One of the outstanding and essential qualities required is self­discipline, a quality I lack. A scientist requires not only self­discipline but all training, determination and a goal. A scientist, up to a point, can be made. A naturalist is born. If you can combine the two, you will get the best of both worlds. 1．What impressed the author deeply during his childhood? A．Wildlife.　　　　　　　　B．Music. C．Languages. D．Literature. 2．Why can't the author remember his relatives clearly? A．He didn't live with them for long. B．The family was extremely large. C．He was fully occupied with observing nature. D．He was too young when he lived with them. 3．According to the author, what personality should a born naturalist have first of all? A．Being knowledgeable. B．Being self­disciplined. C．Being full of ambition. D．Being full of enthusiasm. 4．Why does the author say he is a naturalist, not a scientist? A．He thinks he lacks some quality required of a scientist. B．He thinks he has much trouble doing mental arithmetic. C．He thinks he comes up with solutions in a most natural way. D．He thinks he just reads about other people's observations. B [2023年·成都市高中毕业班摸底测试]Please take a few seconds and think of your personal biggest goal. Imagine telling someone you meet today what you're going to do. Imagine their congratulations and their high image of you. Doesn't it feel good to say it out loud? Don't you feel one step closer already? Well, bad news: you should have kept your mouth shut, because that good feeling will make you less likely to do it. Any time you have a goal, there is some work that needs to be done to achieve it. Ideally，you would not be satisfied until you'd actually done the work. But when you tell someone your goal and he acknowledges (承认) it, psychologists have found it's called a “social_reality”. The mind is kind of tricked into a feeling that it's already done. And then, because you've felt that satisfaction, you're less motivated to do the actual and necessary hard work. This goes against the traditional wisdom that we should tell our friends our goals, right? In 1982, Peter Gollwitzer, a professor of psychology, wrote a whole book about this. And in 2009, he did some new tests that were published. It goes like this: 163 people across four separate tests — everyone wrote down their personal goal. Then half of them announced their commitment (承诺) to this goal to the room, and half didn't. Then everyone was given 45 minutes of work that would directly lead them towards their goal, but they were told that they could stop at any time. Finally those who kept their mouths shut worked the entire 45 minutes on average, and when asked afterwards, said they felt they had a long way to go to achieve their goal. But those who had announced it quit after only 33 minutes on average, and when asked afterwards, said that they felt much closer to achieving their goal. 5．What do the words “social reality” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Completion of the goal. B．Necessary hard work. C．People's acknowledgement. D．A sense of satisfaction. 6．What does Peter Gollwitzer try to tell us? A．Writing down the goal is very helpful. B．Achieving personal goal needs more time. C．Keeping the goal secret makes people work harder. D．Making the goal public makes people less satisfied. 7．How did Peter Gollwitzer prove his idea about people's goal? A．By giving figures. B．By giving examples. C．By making a survey. D．By making comparison tests. 8．What will probably happen if you tell your friends your goal? A．You will be more confident. B．You will not gain satisfaction. C．You are less likely to realize it. D．You'll be much more motivated. Ⅱ.完形填空 [2023年·石家庄市质量检测]