ElectricWeldingMachineVol.53No.1Jan.2023第53卷第1期2023年1月5A01铝合金薄板激光摆动焊接接头微观组织与力学性能范霁康1，2，马立1，倪程1，宋友民2，王克鸿11.南京理工大学受控电弧智能增材技术工业和信息化部重点实验室，江苏南京2100942.昆山华恒焊接股份有限公司，江苏昆山215300摘要：传统弧焊焊接铝合金时易造成焊缝区晶粒粗大、产生气孔等缺陷。因此采用激光摆动焊对1.0mm厚5A01铝合金薄板进行试验研究，并对接头微观组织及力学性能进行分析。结果表明，在表面聚焦条件下，当焊接速度40mm/s，激光功率1600W，脉冲频率5000Hz，摆动频率110Hz，摆动幅值0.5mm时，能够获得成形良好、表面无缺陷的焊接接头；接头熔合区附近的晶体形态呈柱状晶，焊缝中心部位晶体生长为细小的等轴枝晶；从母材区向焊缝区硬度逐渐降低，接头抗拉强度约为母材的66%，断后伸长率约为母材的41%，断裂形式主要为韧窝断裂。接头力学性能明显下降，主要是由于气孔处易产生应力集中，且激光焊能量集中，导致薄板受热不均产生较大内应力。关键词：5A01铝合金；激光摆动焊；微观组织；力学性能中图分类号：TG457.14文献标识码：A文章编号：1001-2303（2023）01-0038-06MicrostructureandMechanicalPropertiesof5A01AluminumAlloySheetJointWeldedbyLaserOscillationWeldingFANJikang1,2,MALi1,NICheng1,SONGYoumin2,WANGKehong11.TheKeyLaboratoryofControlledArcIntelligentAdditiveTechnologyMinistryofIndustryandInformationTechnology,NanjingUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Nanjing210094,China2.KunshanHuahengWeldingCo.,Ltd.,Kunshan215300,ChinaAbstract:Whenaluminumalloyisweldedbyarcweldingprocess,itiseasytocausecoarsegrainintheweldzoneandpro‐ducedefectssuchasporesandcracks.Thelaseroscillationweldingtestsof1.0mmthick5A01aluminumalloysheetwerecarriedout,andthemicrostructureandmechanicalpropertiesofthejointwerestudied.Theresultsshowthatunderthecon‐ditionofsurfacefocusing,whentherobotspeedis40mm/s,laserpoweris1600W,pulsefrequencyis5000Hz,swingfre‐quencyis110Hz,andswingamplitudeis0.5mm,thejointwithgoodformabilitycanbeobtained.Itwasfoundthattheco‐lumnargrainsgrowmainlyalongthefusionzoneandtheweldcenterismainlycomposedoffineequi-axedcrystal.Thehardnessgraduallydecreasesfromthebasemetalzonetothewe...
