2023年高考英语SubjunctiveMood虚拟语气复习学案牛津版.docx

Subjunctive Mood虚拟语气复习学案 x语气的分类 a. 语气： 陈述句I went to the theatre yesterday. Jack hadn’t come back home yet. 疑问句Does Tom usually get up early What will you do if it rains tomorrow 感慨句What a clever boy he is! How clever he is! b. 语气 1.Let’s go. 2. Don’t touch anything on the table until the bell rings. 3.Never shut the door. 4.Do give me a call. c.虚拟语气： 用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气 x虚拟语气用法详解 一、 条件句中的虚拟语气 时间 从句谓语形式 主句谓语形式   将来 动词过去式(be用were) should + 动词原形 were to + 动词原形   would / should / might / could + 动词原形 现在 动词过去式(be 用 were) would / should / might / could + 动词原形 过去 had +动词过去分词 would / should / might / could have + 动词过去分词 〔 中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件， 会产生的一种不可能获得的结果。〕 (1) If he here, he us about it. 如果他要来的话，他会通知我们一声。 (2) If he at this school, he you well. 如果他在这所学校学习的话，它会对你很熟悉。 (3)If I the film, I you about it. 我如果看过这场电影，我会把电影内容告诉你了。 (1) 当从句的主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词假设是系动词be时，可用was代替were。但在倒装虚拟结构及if I were you, as it were中，只能用were Were I ten years younger, I would study abroad. / If I were you, I would try my best to grasp the chance. (2) 有时，虚拟条件句中，主、从句的动作假设不是同时发生时，须区别对待。 ① If I had worked hard at school, I an engineer, too. 如果我在学校学习刻苦的话，我现在也会使工程师了 If they us, we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话，我们现在就不会来这里了。 ② If he were free today, we him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的话，我们会已经派他去北京了 If he her, he would have greeted her. 要是他认识她的话，他肯定会去问候她了。 ③ If it too much, the crops would be growing much better. 如果天不下太多的雨的话，庄家会长得更好。If he had been working hard, he in the office now. 要是他工作一直努力的话，他现在已进了办公室了。 (3) 当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had时， Should he agree to go there, we would send him there. 要是他容许去的话，我们就派他去。 , she would agree with us. 如果她在这儿的话，她会同意我们的。 computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果她懂一些知识的话，我们会已经聘用他来这里工作了 (4) 含蓄虚拟条件句的七种表现形式 含蓄虚拟条件句即指将条件从句隐藏在上下文一定的短语中的一类条件句，其主要用法及表现形式如下： 1>. 将条件隐含在不定式短语中 I would write to her, but I don’t know her address. (= . But…) To have studied harder, you would have passed the examination. (= , you…) 2>. 将条件隐含在分词短语中 Born in better times, he would have been a scholar. (= , he would…) Failing this time, what would you do？ (= , what would…) Walking alone in the dark, Mary would be terrified . 〔= , she…) 3>. 将条件隐含在介词短语中 But for your help we couldn’t have succeeded in the experiment. (= , we…) In different circumstances, I would have said yes. (= , I would…) 4>. 将条件隐含在名词短语中 Any person who had behaved in that way would have been dismissed.(= , he would…) A few hours earlier, and you would have seen the famous writer. ( , you…) 5>. 将条件隐含在某些连词中 I didn’t know that he was a cheat, or else I wouldn’t have believed him. (or else= ) I’m really very busy, otherwise I would certainly go there with you. (otherwise= ) 6>. 将条件隐含在定语从句中 Anyone who had seen that painting might have taken it for a photo. (= …) 7>. 将条件隐含在一定的上下文中 You might stay here forever. (= , you might…) Don’t bother to read all these papers. It would take too long. (=… , It would take too long) (5) 有时，虚拟条件句中，主、从句可以省略其中的一个，来表示说话人的一种强烈的感情。 ①省略从句 He would have finished it. 。You could have passed this exam. 。 ②省略主句 If I were at home now. 。If only I had got it. 。 (6). if only 意为“ 〞 If only she didn’t drive so fast. If only I had arrived in time! 二、其他状语从句的虚拟语气 1. 在for fear that, in case, lest引导的 中，假设用虚拟语气时，从句谓语为： should + 动词原形。并且 should不能省略 She examined the door again for fear that a thief in. 她又把门检查了一遍，以防盗贼的进入。 He started out earlier lest he late. 他很早就出发了以防迟到。 2. as if, as though引导的 常用虚拟语气。虚拟语气的结构为： 表示所发生的时间 虚拟语气结构 发生在主句动作之前 had + 过去分词 与主句动作同时发生 过去时(be 用were ) 发生在主句动作之后 would / could / might / should+原形动词 They began to talk warmly as if they each other for long. 他们开始热烈的谈论起来就好似他们已相互认识很久了。 He coughed twice as if someone . 他咳嗽两声就好似有