2023年高中英语Unit2TheolympicGames知识精讲新人教版必修2.docx

Book 2 Unit 2 Words and expressions 1. ancient adj. (1) 古代的 in ancient times (2) 古老的 We were deeply attracted by the ancient building. < 归类> ancient (古代的〕→ modern ( 现代的) → contemporary ( 当代的〕 2. compete Vi 拓展：competitor n. 竞争对手 competition n. 竞争，角逐 competitive a. 竞争的 搭配：(1) compete with / against sb for sth 因…而与某人竞争 (2) compete in sth 参加比赛/ 竞赛 (3) in competition with ... 与…竞争 eg: 1) I think you should compete for the monitor. 2) Will you compete with Tom in the swimming race 3. take part in eg: Mr. Black took part in our conversation. 辨析 ： take part in, join in, join , attend (1) take part in : 指参加会议或群众性活动等，重在说明主语参加该项活动并在其中 发挥一定的作用。 〔2〕join in : 指参加正在进行的活动，如参加竞赛、娱乐、谈话等。 〔3〕join : 通常指参加某组织或团体，并成为其中的一员。 〔4〕attend : 正式用语，指参加会议或婚礼、葬礼、典礼或上课、上学、听报告等，强调的是这一动作本身，而不是强调参加者在活动中所起的作用。 eg ：1〕They are playing basketball. Let's join in them. 2) Do you know how many people joined the organization 3) They will attend an important meeting tomorrow. 4. stand for eg: The olive branch stands for peace. 拓展：〔1〕stand by 和…站在一起；袖手旁观 ；支持 eg: I'll always stand by you through thick and thin. (2) stand out 突出，显眼，引人注目 eg: His red hair made him stand out in the crowd. 5.volunteer (1) 【C】 volunteer for sth / to do sth eg: 1) volunteers for the post of treasurer . 自愿任财务工作的人 2) Schools need volunteers to help children to read. (2) Vt. volunteer to do / volunteer sth eg: 1) They volunteered to repair the house for the old lady. 2) She volunteered the information. (3) Vi. volunteer for sth eg: She volunteered ( her services ) for relief work. 他自愿参加救济工作。 (4) adj. My sister is a volunteer teacher of this school. 6. basis [ C] pl. bases < 语法> [ 单] ~sis / sis/ → [复] ~ses / si:z / crisis → crises 危机 analysis → analyses 分析 basic adj. 根底的，根本的 eg：1) His research formed the basis of his new book. 2) The basis of a good marriage is trust. 3) We judge a worker on the basis of his performance. 辨析：basis & base (1) basis: 用来指非物质方面的根底。the economic basis 经济根底 〔抽象〕 (2) base: 主要用于指物质方面的根底。the base of a building. 建筑物的根底 〔具体〕 7. admit v. (1) 允许〔人/ 物〕进入；让…进入 搭配： admit sb to/ into 允许某人进入；吸收某人为…的成员 ‚ be admitted as … 作为…被接受〔后接表示成员的名词〕 eg: 1) The servant opened the door and admitted me into the house. 2) Only one hundred boys are admitted to the school every year. 3) He was admitted as a member of the Party last month. (2) 成认，供认 搭配： admit sth / doing sth ‚ admit that - clause ƒ admit sb / sth to be + adj./ n. eg: 1) He admitted his guilty. 2) Will you admit having broken the window 3) He admitted that he had stolen the money. 4) We all admit her to be smart. 8. as well eg: I can swim as well. 辨析： as well, also, too, either (1) as well : 用于肯定句，只用于句尾。 He plays the piano as well. (2) also: 用于肯定句，用在句中。He also plays the piano. (3) too: 用于肯定句，用在句尾，一般用逗号与其他局局部开。 He plays the piano, too. (4) either: 用于否认句中。He doesn't play the piano either. 拓展： as well as 如同…一样好；既…又…；不但…而且… （1） 连接两个主语时，其谓语动词的形式应根据前一个主语确定。此外，还有together with , along with, besides, but, except, including, rather than 等也属此种情况。 （2） 不能用“ A，B as well as C " 结构，但可用" A as well as B and C " or " A and B as well as C " 结构。 eg: 1) The teacher as well as some students was interested in the question. = Not only some students but also the teacher was interested in the question. 2) I play tennis as well as he . 3) She sings as well as playing the piano. 4) As well as visiting the Great Wall, we spent a day in Beijing. 5) He speaks Spanish and English as well as French. 6) She knows me as well as him. 9. host (1) Vt. eg: 1) He is willing to host the visitors. 2) London will host the 30th Olympic Games in 2023. 〔2〕n. eg: 1) He acted as host to his father's friends. 2) China is the host country of the 29th Olympic Games. 辨析：host 与 guest 相对应。hostess 女主人 master与 servant 相对应 mastress 女主人 10. responsibility n. responsible adj. eg: 1) It's my responsibility to take good care of you. 2) She feels a strong sense of responsibility towards her employees. 11. replace v. replacement 替换，更换[U] ； 替换品，替换物[C] 搭配：(1) replace sth / sb (2) replace sth / sb with / by … eg: 1) We can replace sugar by honey. 2) Can anything replace a mother's love 3) If he can't manage he'll have to be replaced. 4) He replaced the book on the shelf. (把…放回原处〕 拓展： take the place of sb/ sth = replace sb / sth take one's place = take one's seat 就坐，就位 in place of 替代 instead of 代替，而不是 12. charge v.& n. eg: 1) They do not charge at all for their services. 2) He was charged with murder. (控告〕 3〕The delivery is free of charge. in charge 主管，看管 eg: The monitor will be in charge when the headteacher is away. 辨析： in charge of : “负责，主管〞，表示主动 in the charge of : “由…管理〞，表示被动。