ASTM_F_2252_-_F_2252M_-_13e1.pdf

Designation:F2252/F2252M131Standard Practice forEvaluating Ink or Coating Adhesion to Flexible PackagingMaterials Using Tape1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2252/F2252M;the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEDesignation was corrected editorially in October 2013.1.Scope1.1 This practice describes a means of evaluating ink orcoating adhesion to flexible packaging materials.This practiceis intended for use on flexible packaging materials whosesurfaces are not damaged by the application and removal oftape.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D3330/D3330M Test Method for PeelAdhesion of Pressure-Sensitive TapeE171 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Flexible BarrierPackaging3.Significance and Use3.1 Poor adhesion of ink or coating to the base substrate canimpact the readability of printed materials,affect the function-ality of coated materials,or create a source of contamination.This practice provides a means for evaluating the adhesion ofink or coating to a flexible packaging material.3.2 Forpurposesofresolvinginter-laboratorydisagreements,test methods developed from this practice maybe improved by defining and controlling the pressure andmethod of tape application,(for example,using weightedroller),and the speed and angle of tape removal.3.3 This practice does not address acceptability criteria.These need to be jointly determined by the user and producerof the product.4.Apparatus4.1 3M#610 or Sellotape office adhesive tape is commonlyused for this procedure,typically 19 to 25 mm(34to 1 in.)wide.Whichever tape is chosen should be agreed upon bycustomer and supplier.4.1.1 Manufacturers storage and shelf-life recommenda-tions should be followed or acceptability determined throughreal-time aging and laboratory tests.Test Method D3330/D3330M gives guidance on testing.Again,as stated in 3.3,acceptability criteria is a matter of agreement between cus-tomer and supplier.5.Sampling5.1 The number of samples tested should be adequate to bepredictive of performance.Caution should be taken wheneliminating samples with defects as this can bias results.6.Conditioning6.1 Conditioning of the samples will depend on the materialunder evaluation.If conditioning before testing is appropriate,normal,and desirable,refer to E171 for guidance.6.2 Before testing catalyzed or cured inks or coatings,orboth,ensure that the samples have been exposed to theappropriate conditions for sufficient time to allow completecure.7.Procedure7.1 Lay sample to be tested on a flat surface.Sample shouldlay flat and smooth without wrinkles,creases,or folds.7.2 Cut a piece of tape long enough to cover the printed orcoated area of interest on the sample.For large areas it may beeasier to work with several shorter pieces of tape.Handlingapplication and removal of tape is simpler when length of tapedoes not exceed 12 in.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F02 on FlexibleBarrier Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F02.20 onPhysical Properties.Current edition approved May 1,2013.Published June 2013.Originallyapproved in 2003.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as F2252 03(2008).DOI:10.1520/F2252-13E01.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 7.3 Apply tape to sample using a smooth even motionwithout wrinkling tape or sample.Run thumb or forefingeralong tape to make sure it is fully adhered,without any bubblesin surface.7.4 Hold sample flat to surface with one hand,use otherhand to peel back tape at an angle of approximately 120 to150.Lift tape,pulling back with an even,moderate motion.Typically 305 to 460 mm(12 to 18 in.)per second.NOTE1Varying the amount of time after tape is applied may affect theresults.7.5 Examine the test sample for missing print or coatinggaps.7.6 Examine tape for any ink or coating removed from thetest sample.As an aid for visual inspection reference standardsmay be created and used to determine degree of transfer.7.7 Record results.Characterize the degree of adhesionusing mutually agreed upon references.If multiple colors ofink are present,results may vary by color and may be reportedthat way.This is a sub