ASTM_F_631_-_15.pdf

Designation:F63115Standard Guide forCollecting Skimmer Performance Data in ControlledEnvironments1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F631;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This standard provides a guide for determining perfor-mance parameters of full-scale oil spill removal devices inrecovering floating oil when tested in controlled environments.1.2 This guide involves the use of specific test oils that maybe considered hazardous materials after testing is completed.Itis the responsibility of the user of this guide to procure andabide by the necessary permits for disposal of the used test oil.1.3 UnitsThe values stated in SI units are to be regardedas standard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum ProductsD445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids(and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D971 Test Method for Interfacial Tension of Oil AgainstWater by the Ring MethodD1298 Test Method for Density,Relative Density,or APIGravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-ucts by Hydrometer MethodD2983 Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Lu-bricants Measured by Brookfield ViscometerD4007 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Crude Oil bythe Centrifuge Method(Laboratory Procedure)F625/F625M Practice for Classifying Water Bodies for SpillControl SystemsF808 Guide for Collecting Skimmer Performance Data inUncontrolled Environments(Withdrawn 1997)33.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 data collection period,nthe period of time during atest run when the performance data are recorded.3.1.2 emulsification factor,nthe increase in total fluids instorage as a result of emulsification by the skimmingmechanism,the skimmer pump,or other component of theskimmer.EF5WCF2 WC0!/1002 WCF!11(1)where:WCF=the final water content%,andWC0=the initial water content%.3.1.3 fluid recovery rate,nthe volume of fluid recoveredby the device per unit of time m3/h.3.1.4 nameplate recovery rate,nthe maximum skimmingcapacity of a device as stated by the manufacturer.3.1.5 oil encounter rate,nthe volume of oil per unit timeactively directed to the removal mechanism(m3/h).3.1.6 oil recovery effciency,nthe ratio,expressed as apercentage,of the volume of oil recovered to the volume oftotal fluids recovered.3.1.7 oil recovery rate,nthe volume of oil recovered bythe device per unit of time(m3/h).3.1.8 oil slick,nthe oily fluid encountered by the skimmer.3.1.8.1 DiscussionMost real oil slicks actually are com-posed of various proportions of pure oil,water-in-oil(W/O)emulsions,and oil-in-water(O/W)emulsions;therefore,effi-ciencies and other performance criteria must be differentiatedbetween those based on the oil slick itself,and those based ononly the water-free oil contained within the oil slick.1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on HazardousSubstances and Oil Spill Responseand is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeF20.12 on Removal.Current edition approved July 1,2015.Published December 2015.Originallyapproved in 1980.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as F631 99(2008).DOI:10.1520/F0631-15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.1.9 oil slick encounter rate,nthe volume of oil slick perunit time actively encountered by the skimmer,and therefore,available for recovery(m3/h).3.1.10 oil slick recovery effciency,nthe ratio,expressedas a percentage,of the volume of oil slick recovered to thevolume of total fluids recovered.3.1.11 oil slick recovery rate,nthe volume of oil slickremoved from the water surface by the skimmer per unit oftime.3.1.12 oil slick thickness,nthe average thickness of the oilslick encountered by the test device(mm).3.1.13 test fluid,nthe oil or oil/water mixture distributedon the water of the test facility and presented to the spillremoval device for recovery.3.1.14 throughput effciency,nthe ratio,expressed as apercentage,of the volume of oil recovered to the volume of oilencountered.4.Si