_STP_169D-2006.pdf

Significance of Tests andProperties of Concreteand Concrete-MakingMaterialsSTP 169DJoseph F.Lamond and James H.Pielert,EditorsASTM Stock No.:STP169DASTM International 100 Barr Harbor DrivePO Box C-700West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959Printed in the U.S.A.0716 ch FM(i-vi).ps 4/25/06 3:18 PM Page iCopyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Tue Dec 15 21:24:25 EST 2015Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.Copyright 2006 ASTM International,West Conshohocken,PA.All rights reserved.This material maynot be reproduced or copied,in whole or in part,in any printed,mechanical,electronic,film,or otherdistribution and storage media,without the written consent of the publisher.Photocopy RightsAuthorization to photocopy items for internal,personal,or educational classroom use,or the internal,personal,or educational classroom use of specific clients,is granted by ASTM International(ASTM)provided that the appropriate fee is paid to the Copyright Clearance Center,222 Rosewood Drive,Danvers,MA 01923;Tel:978-750-8400;online:http:/ Society is not responsible,as a body,for the statements and opinions expressed in thispublication.Printed in Bridgeport,NJApril 20060716 ch FM(i-vi).ps 4/25/06 3:18 PM Page iiCopyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Tue Dec 15 21:24:25 EST 2015Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.ForewordTHIS PUBLICATION is a revision and expansion of Significance of Tests and Properties ofConcrete and Concrete-Making Materials(STP 169C)published in 1994.That publication inturn replaced editions published in 1956,1966,and 1978.The present publication includes anumber of new materials and test methods that have been developed,or materials that haveincreased in importance since the 1994 edition.Two most useful additions are the chapters onslag as a cementitious material and self-consolidating concrete.As in the previous editions,chapters have been authored by individuals selected on the ba-sis of their knowledge of their subject areas,and in most cases because of their participationin the development of pertinent specifications and test methods by ASTM Committee C09 onConcrete and Concrete Aggregates and,in some cases,ASTM Committee C01 on Cement.Theauthors developed their chapters in conformance with general guidelines only.Each chapterhas been reviewed and,where necessary,coordinated with chapters in which overlap of sub-ject matter might occur.This latest edition has been developed under the direction of the Executive Committee ofASTM Committee C09 by coeditors Joseph F.Lamond,Consulting Engineer,and James H.Pielert,Consultant,both members of Committee C09.0716 ch FM(i-vi).ps 4/25/06 3:18 PM Page iiiCopyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Tue Dec 15 21:24:25 EST 2015Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.ContentsChapter 1:IntroductionJOSEPHF.LAMOND ANDJAMESH.PIELERT.1PARTIGENERALChapter 2:The Nature of ConcreteRICHARDA.HELMUTH ANDRACHELJ.DETWILER.5Chapter 3:Techniques,Procedures,and Practices of Sampling of Concreteand Concrete Making MaterialsTOYS.POOLE.16Chapter 4:Statistical Considerations in Sampling and TestingGARLANDW.STEELE.22Chapter 5:Uniformity of Concrete-Making MaterialsANTHONYE.FIORATO.30Chapter 6:Virtual Testing of Cement and ConcreteDALEP.BENTZ,EDWARDJ.GARBOCZI,JEFFREYW.BULLARD,CHIARAFERRARIS,NICOSMARTYS,ANDPAULE.STUTZMAN.38 Chapter 7:Quality Cement,Concrete,and AggregatesThe Role of Testing LaboratoriesJAMESH.PIELERT.51PARTIIFRESHLYMIXEDCONCRETEChapter 8:Factors Influencing Concrete WorkabilityD.GENEDANIEL.59Chapter 9:Air Content,Temperature,Density(Unit Weight),and YieldLAWRENCER.ROBERTS.73Chapter 10:Making and Curing Concrete SpecimensJOSEPHF.LAMOND.80Chapter 11:Time of SettingBRUCEJ.CHRISTENSEN.86Chapter 12:Bleed WaterSTEVENH.KOSMATKA.99PARTIIIHARDENEDCONCRETEChapter 13:Concrete Strength TestingCELIKOZYILDIRIMANDNICHOLASJ.CARINO.125Chapter 14:Prediction of Potential Concrete Strength at Later AgesNICHOLASJ.CARINO.141Chapter 15:Freezing and ThawingCHARLESK.NMAI.154Chapter 16:Corrosion of Reinforcing SteelNEALS.BERKE.164Chapter 17:Embedded Metals and Materials Other Than Reinforcing SteelBERNARDERLIN.174Chapter 18:Abrasion ResistanceKARLJ.BAKKE.184Chapter 19:Elastic Properties,Creep,and RelaxationJASONWEISS.194Chapter 20:Petrographic ExaminationBERNARDERLIN.207Chapter 21:Volume ChangeFREDGOODWIN.215Chapter 22:Thermal PropertiesSTEPHENB.TATRO.226Chapter 23:Pore Structure,Permeability,and Penetration ResistanceCharacteristics of ConcreteNATALIYAHEARN,R.DOUGLASHOOTON,ANDMICHELLER.NOKKEN.238Chapter 24:Chemical Resistance of ConcreteM.D.A.THOMASANDJ.SKALNY.253Chapter 25:Resistance to Fire and High TemperaturesSTEPHENS.SZOKE.274Chapter 26:Air Content and Density of Hardened ConcreteKENNETHC.HOVER.288Chapter 27