_STP_664-1979.pdf

EROSION:PREVENTION AND USEFUL APPLICATIONS A symposium sponsored by ASTM Committee G-2 on Erosion and Wear AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS Vail,Colo.,24-26 Oct.1977 ASTM SPECIAL TECHNICAL PUBLICATION 664 W.F.AdIer,Effects Technology Inc.editor List Price$55.00 04-664000-29 AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS 1916 Race Street,Philadelphia,Pa.19103 Copyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Sun Jan 3 19:18:57 EST 2016Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.Copyright by AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS 1979 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number:78-068438 NOTE The Society is not responsible,as a body,for the statements and opinions advanced in this publication.Printed in Baltimore,Md.February 1979 Copyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Sun Jan 3 19:18:57 EST 2016Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.Foreword The papers contained in this Special Technical Publication are an out-growth of the papers presented at the American Society for Testing and Materials Symposium on Erosion:Prevention and Useful Applications sponsored by Committee G-2 on Erosion and Wear.The symposium was held in Vail,Colo.,24-26 Oct.1977.Dr.W.F.Adler,Effects Tech-nology,Inc.,Santa Barbara,Calif.,Dr.D.A.Summers,University of Missouri,RoUa,Mo.,and Dr.Fun-Den Wang,Colorado School of Mines,Golden,Colo.,were members of the organizing committee.This was the fifth symposium on erosion to be sponsored by ASTM.Previous symposia were held in 1961,1966,1969,and 1973.Copyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Sun Jan 3 19:18:57 EST 2016Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.Related ASTM Publications Erosion,Wear,and Interfaces with Corrosion,STP 567(1974),$35.00,04-567000-29 Unified Numbering System for Metals and Alloys,DS 56A(1977),$49.00,05-056001-01 Copyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Sun Jan 3 19:18:57 EST 2016Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.A Note of Appreciation to Reviewers This publication is made possible by the authors and,also,the un-heralded efforts of the reviewers.This body of technical experts whose dedication,sacrifice of time and effort,and collective wisdom in review-ing the papers must be acknowledged.The quality level of ASTM publica-tions is a direct function of their respected opinions.On behalf of ASTM we acknowledge with appreciation their contribution.ASTM Committee on Publications Copyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Sun Jan 3 19:18:57 EST 2016Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.Editorial Staff Jane B.Wheeler,Managing Editor Helen M.Hoersch,Associate Editor Ellen J.McGlinchey,Senior Assistant Editor Helen Mahy,Assistant Editor Copyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Sun Jan 3 19:18:57 EST 2016Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.Contents Introduction SOLID PARTICLE IMPINGEMENT Electron Microscopy Study of Erosion Danube in CopperL.K.IVES AND A.W.RUFF 5 Discussions 33 Fundamental Meclianisms of the Erosive Wear of Ductile Metals by Solid Particlesi.FINNIE,A.LEVY,AND D.H.MCFADDEN 36 Discussions 57 Mechanisms of the Erosion of Metals by Solid Particles I.M.HUTCHINGS 59 Discussion 75 Multiparticle Erosion of Pyrex GlassG.A.SARGENT,p.K.MEHROTRA,AND H.CONRAD 77 Solid-Particle Erosion of High-Technology Ceramics(SiaNi,Glass-Bonded AI2O3,and MgFj)M.E.GULDEN 101 Discussions 121 Test Facility for Material Erosion at High Temperature W.TABAKOFF AND T.WAKEMAN 123 Discussions 134 Mechanisms of Erosion of a Ductile Material by Solid Particles J.MAJI AND G.L.SHELDON 136 Discussions 147 Relative Erosion Resistance of Several Materialsj.s.HANSEN 148 Erosion-Corrosion of Coatings and Superalloys in High-Velocity Hot GasesR.H.BARKALOW,J.A.GOEBEL,AND F.S.PETTIT 163 Discussions 190 Calculated Tolerance of a Large Electric Utility Gas Turbine to Erosion Damage by Coal Gas Ash ParticlesM.MENGUTURK AND E.F.SVERDRUP 193 Copyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Sun Jan 3 19:18:57 EST 2016Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.LIQUID DROP IMPINGEMENT Analysis of Brittle Target Fracture from a Subsonic Water Drop ImpactM.ROSENBLATT,Y.M.ITO,AND G.E.EGGUM 227 Discussions 250 Response of Infrared Transmitting Materials to High-Velocity Impact by Water Dropsi.v.HACKWORTH,L.H.KOCHER,AND I.C.SNELL 255 Multiple Water Drop Impact Damage in Layered Infrared Transparent MaterialsT.L.PETERSON 279 Discussion 296 High-Speed