ASTM_G_65_-_16.pdf

Designation:G6516Standard Test Method forMeasuring Abrasion Using the Dry Sand/Rubber WheelApparatus1This standard is issued under the fixed designation G65;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers laboratory procedures for de-termining the resistance of metallic materials to scratchingabrasion by means of the dry sand/rubber wheel test.It is theintent of this test method to produce data that will reproduciblyrank materials in their resistance to scratching abrasion undera specified set of conditions.1.2 Abrasion test results are reported as volume loss incubic millimetres for the particular test procedure specified.Materials of higher abrasion resistance will have a lowervolume loss.NOTE1In order to attain uniformity among laboratories,it is theintent of this test method to require that volume loss due to abrasion bereportedonlyinthemetricsystemascubicmillimetres.1 mm3=6.102 105in3.1.3 This test method covers five recommended procedureswhich are appropriate for specific degrees of wear resistance orthicknesses of the test material.1.3.1 Procedure AThis is a relatively severe test whichwill rank metallic materials on a wide volume loss scale fromlow to extreme abrasion resistance.It is particularly useful inranking materials of medium to extreme abrasion resistance.1.3.2 Procedure BA short-term variation of Procedure A.It may be used for highly abrasive resistant materials but isparticularly useful in the ranking of medium-and low-abrasive-resistant materials.Procedure B should be used whenthe volumeloss values developed by ProcedureAexceeds 100mm3.1.3.3 Procedure CA short-term variation of Procedure Afor use on thin coatings.1.3.4 Procedure DThis is a lighter load variation ofProcedureAwhich is particularly useful in ranking materials oflow-abrasion resistance.It is also used in ranking materials ofa specific generic type or materials which would be very closein the volume loss rates as developed by Procedure A.1.3.5 Procedure EA short-term variation of Procedure Bthat is useful in the ranking of materials with medium-orlow-abrasion resistance.1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safetyconcerns,if any,associated with its use.It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety andhealth practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D2000 Classification System for Rubber Products in Auto-motive ApplicationsD2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometer Hard-nessE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSievesE122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,WithSpecified Precision,the Average for a Characteristic of aLot or ProcessE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test MethodG40 Terminology Relating to Wear and ErosionG105 Test Method for Conducting Wet Sand/Rubber WheelAbrasion Tests(Withdrawn 2016)32.2 American Foundrymens Society Standards:AFS Foundry Sand Handbook,7th Edition43.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 abrasive wearwear due to hard particles or hardprotuberances forced against and moving along a solid surface(Terminology G40).1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G02 on Wearand Erosion and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G02.30 on AbrasiveWear.Current edition approved March 1,2016.Published March 2016.Originallyapproved in 1980.Last previous edition approved in 2015 as G65 15.DOI:10.1520/G0065-16.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from American Foundrymens Society,Golf and Wolf Roads,DesPlaines,IL 60016.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 NOTE2This definition covers several different wear modes ormechanisms that fall under the abrasive wear category.These modes maydegrade a surface by scratching,cutting,deformation,or gouging(1 and2).54.Summary of Test Method4.1 The dry sand/rubber wheel abrasion test(Fig.1)in-volves the abrading of a standard test specimen with a grit ofcontrolled size and composition.The abrasive is introducedbetween the test specimen and a rotating wheel with achlorobutyl or neoprene rubber rim of a specified hardness.This test specimen is pressed against the rotating wheel at aspecified force by means of a lever arm while a controlled flo