ASTM_F_660_-_83_2013.pdf

Designation:F66083(Reapproved 2013)Standard Practice forComparing Particle Size in the Use of Alternative Types ofParticle Counters1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F660;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice provides a procedure for comparing thesizes of nonspherical particles in a test sample determined withdifferent types of automatic particle counters,which operate ondifferent measuring principles.1.2 A scale factor is obtained by which,in the examinationof a given powder,the size scale of one instrument may bemultiplied to agree with the size scale of another.1.3 The practice considers rigid particles,free of fibers,ofthe kind used in studies of filtration,such as:commerciallyavailable test standards of quartz or alumina,or fly ash,orsome powdered chemical reagent,such as iron oxide orcalcium sulfate.1.4 Three kinds of automatic particle counters are consid-ered:1.4.1 Image analyzers,which view stationary particles un-der the microscope and,in this practice,measure the longestend-to-end distance of an individual particle.1.4.2 Optical counters,which measure the area of a shadowcast by a particle as it passes by a window;and1.4.3 Electrical resistance counters,which measure the vol-ume of a particle as it passes through an orifice in anelectrically conductive liquid.1.5 This practice also considers the use of instruments thatprovide sedimentation analyses,which is to say providemeasures of the particle mass distribution as a function ofStokes diameter.The practice provides a way to convert massdistribution into number distribution so that the meaning ofStokes diameter can be related to the diameter measured by theinstruments in 1.4.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F661 Practice for Particle Count and Size Distribution Mea-surement in Batch Samples for Filter Evaluation Using anOptical Particle Counter(Discontinued 2000)(Withdrawn2000)3F662 Test Method for Measurement of Particle Count andSize Distribution in Batch Samples for Filter EvaluationUsing an Electrical Resistance Particle Counter(Discon-tinued 2002)(Withdrawn 2002)3F796 Practice for Determining The Performance of a FilterMedium Employing a Single-Pass,Constant-Pressure,Liquid Test(Withdrawn 2002)33.Summary of Practice3.1 After calibrating an automatic particle counter withstandard spherical particles,such as latex beads,the instrumentis presented with a known weight of filtration-test particlesfrom which is obtained the data:cumulative number ofparticles,N,as a function of particle diameter,d;and a plotof these data is made on log-log paper.3.2 The plot from the results of one kind of instrument isplaced over the plot from another and one plot is moved alongthe particle-diameter axis until the two separate curves coin-cide.(If the two separate curves cannot be made to coincide,then this practice cannot be used.)3.3 The magnitude of the shift from one diameter scale tothe other provides the scale-conversion factor.3.4 Any of the three particle counters in 1.4 can provide theframe-of-reference measurement of particle diameter.3.5 An alternative reference is the Stokes diameter,asmentioned in 1.5.4.Significance and Use4.1 This practice supports test methods designed to evaluatethe performance of fluid-filter media,for example,Practice1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.07 on Sediments,Geomorphology,and Open-Channel Flow.Current edition approved Jan.1,2013.Published January 2013.Originallyapproved in 1983.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as F660 83(2007).DOI:10.1520/F0660-83R13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 F796 wherein particle size distributions are addressed and atthe same time this practice provides a means to compare sizemeasurements obtained from several different types of instru-ments.4.2 The factor for converting one kind of diameter scale toanother is only valid for the specific test particles studied.5.Apparatus5.1 Automatic Particle Counters:5.1.1 Any,or all,of the three types a