ASTM_F_335_-_03_2009.pdf

Designation:F33503(Reapproved 2009)Standard Terminology Relating toElectrostatic Imaging1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F335;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This set of definitions is intended for use by all partieswho use,sell,manufacture,test,or develop printer or copiermachines so that they will have a common basis for commu-nications.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F149 Terminology Relating to Optical Character Recogni-tionF221 Terminology Relating to Carbon Paper and InkedRibbon Products and Images Made TherefromF1156 Terminology Relating to Product Counterfeit Protec-tion Systems(Withdrawn 2001)3F1531 Test Method for Comparing Printer or Copier Car-tridges(Withdrawn 2002)33.Terminology3.1 Definitions:aerosol developmentdevelopment in which the toner iscarried to the field of the electrostatic image by means of asuspending gas.all-in-one cartridge(also known as cartridge),a process unitthat incorporates all the components,including a photore-ceptor,toner compartment and charging devices,used incertain electrostatic imaging devices.apparent surface resistivitythe surface resistance betweentwo electrodes forming opposite sides of a square on thesurface of the copy substrate or the electrical equivalent.archival qualitythe properties of a copy or print necessaryto retain specified information under specified conditions ofstorage,time and use.background potentialapplies only to charged area develop-ment process,see charged area development.See residualpotential.background potentialsee residual potential.base stocksee conductive base stock.base weightthe weight of a specified area of paper stockexpressed in grams per square metre or in pounds per ream,where the size and number of sheets per ream may vary foreach particular grade of paper.Common ream sizes used inelectrostatic papers are:25 by 38 in.by 500 sheets(3300 ft2)24 by 36 in.by 500 sheets(3000 ft2)17 by 22 in.by 500 sheets(1300 ft2)binderthe resinous adhesive component of a pigmentedcoating composition.black densitysee image density.blastinghaze around a letter,word or image in the form offine spotting or speckling.blockingthe tendency for coated sheets to stick togetherunder pressure.bridgingcombination of peaks and smudges that may closeor partially close the loop of a character(TerminologyF149).caliperthe thickness of a sheet expressed in millimetres or inthousandths of an inch.carrierthat substance in a developer that conveys a toner,but does not itself become a part of the image in the finishedprint.In a liquid developer the carrier may be called adispersant.cascade developmentdevelopment in which dry toner andcarrier are drawn over an electrostatic image by gravity.catcher blade(also known as a recovery blade or slip sheet),a strip of semi-rigid plastic material that guides the wastetoner removed from the photoreceptor into the waste bin.charge acceptancethe apparent surface voltage present onan electrostatic recording medium immediately after charg-ing.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F05 onBusiness Imaging Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F05.01on Nomenclature and Definitions.Current edition approved Oct.1,2009.Published October 2009.Originallyapproved in 1971.Last previous edition approved in 2003 as F335 03.DOI:10.1520/F0335-03R09.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 charged area development(CAD),a process in electro-static copying where the photoconductive element is chargedwith a charge of the opposite sign as that of the toner.Alightsource is used to discharge all areas on the photoconductorthat are NOT to receive toner to form the image.The toneris attracted to the non-discharged areas of the photoconduc-tor when the latent electrostatic image is developed.chargingthe process of establishing an electrostatic surfacecharge of uniform density on an insulating medium.cleaned componentthe result of substantially removingtoner,dust and other undesirable materials,either by me-chanical an/or chemical means.cleaner blade(also known as wiper blade),a blade whichcleans the surface of the photoreceptor to mechanicallyremove toner and debris.cloud developmentsee aerosol development.coated paperpaper which has one or both surfaces coveredwith a substance to produce certain desired properties for usein specific elect