ASTM_F_2533_-_07_2013.pdf

Designation:F253307(Reapproved 2013)Standard Guide forIn-Situ Burning of Oil in Ships or Other Vessels1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2533;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide covers the use of in-situ burning directly inships and other vessels.This guide is not applicable to in-situburning of oil on sea or land.1.2 This guide is applicable to situations in which the vesseland cargo are not salvageable.After the burn,the vessel willnever be salvageable.It is intended that the in-situ burning ofoil spills in ships be a last resort option.1.3 The purpose of this guide is to provide information thatwill enable spill responders to decide if burning will be used toremove oil from stranded ships or other vessels.1.4 This is a general guide only.It is assumed that condi-tions at the spill site have been assessed and that theseconditions are suitable for the burning of oil.It is also assumedthat permissions to burn the oil have been obtained.Variationsin the behavior of different oil types are not dealt with and maychange some of the parameters noted in this guide.1.5 This guide is one of several related to in-situ burning.1.6 There are many safety concerns associated with in-situburning of oil in ships.These include the unsafe nature of thewrecked vessel and the use of explosives.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F1788 Guide for In-Situ Burning of Oil Spills on Water:Environmental and Operational ConsiderationsF1990 Guide for In-Situ Burning of Spilled Oil:IgnitionDevices3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 burn rate,nthe rate at which oil is burned in a givenarea.Typically the area is a pool and burn rate is the regressionrate of the burning liquid,or may be described as a volumetricrate.3.1.2 burn effciency,nburn efficiency is the percentage ofthe oil removed from the water by the burning.This is theamount(volume)of oil before burning;less the volumeremaining as a residue,divided by the initial volume of the oil.3.1.3 coking,ncoking is the formation of coke,a hardenedcharcoal-like material.Coke is often formed when a hydrocar-bon such as oil is heated in absence of sufficient oxygen to burncompletely.3.1.4 contact probability,nthe probability that oil will becontacted by the flame during burning.3.1.5 controlled burning,nburning when the combustioncan be started and stopped by human intervention.3.1.6 eruption,nsudden upwelling of boiling oil in a tankdue to specific area heating.3.1.7 fire-resistant booms,ndevices which float on waterto restrict the spreading and movement of oil slicks andconstructed to withstand the high temperatures and heat fluxesof in-situ burning.3.1.8 in-situ burning,nuse of burning directly on thewater surface.In-situ burning does not include incinerationtechniques,whereby oil or oiled debris are placed into anincinerator.3.1.9 in-situ burning in ships,nuse of burning on or in aship.3.1.10 residue,nthematerial,excludingairborneemissions,remaining after the oil stops burning.3.1.11 salvageable,adja condition of the vessel such thatit is economical and feasible to recover,refurbish and return tooperation or to re-use portions of the vessel.3.1.12 seaworthy,adja condition of the vessel such that itis fit and safe for sea voyage.1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on HazardousSubstances and Oil Spill Response and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeF20.15 on In-Situ Burning.Current edition approved April 1,2013.Published July 2013.Originallyapproved in 2007.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as F253307.DOI:10.1520/F2533-07R13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 4.Significance and Use4.1 This guide is primarily intended to aid decision-makersand spill-responders in contingency planning,spill response,and training.4.2 This guide is general and site conditions can change thesituation considerably.5.Background5.1 Overview of Oil BurningIn-situ burning is one ofseveral oil spill countermeasures available.The thickness ofthe oil is an important factor in the use of in-situ burning(seeGuide F1788).The burning of oil in ships is implemented toremove oil from stranded or derelict ships