_STP_1402-2001.pdf

STP 1402 Materials Characterization by Dynamic and Modulated Thermal Analytical Techniques Alan T.Riga and Lawrence Judovits,editors ASTM Stock Number:STP1402 ASTM 100 Barr Harbor Drive PO Box C700 West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959 Printed in the U.S.A.Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Materials characterization by dynamic and modulated thermal analytical techniques/Alan 1.Riga and Lawrence Judovits,editors.p.cm.-(STP;1402)ASTM Stock Number:STP1402.Includes bibliographical references.ISBN 0-8031-2887-8 I.Riga,Alan T.I1.Judovits,Lawrence,1955-;1402.TA418.52.M375 2001 620.1 1296-dc21 II1.ASTM special technical publication 2001033491 Copyright?9 2001 AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS,West Conshohocken,PA.All rights reserved.This material may not be reproduced or copied,in whole or in part,in any printed,mechanical,electronic,film,or other distribution and storage media,without the written consent of the publisher.Photocopy Rights Authorization to photocopy items for internal,personal,or educational classroom use,or the internal,personal,or educational classroom use of specific clients,is granted by the American Society forTssting and Materials(ASTM)provided that the appropriate fee Is paid to the Copyright Clearance Center,222 Rosewood Ddve,Danvera,MA 01923;Tel:978-750-8400;online:http:l/www.copyrighLcom/.Peer Review Policy Each paper published in this volume was evaluated by two peer reviewers and at least one edi-tor.The authors addressed all of the reviewers comments to the satisfaction of both the technical editor(s)and the ASTM Committee on Publications.To make technical information available as quickly as possible,the peer-reviewed papers in this publication were prepared camera-ready as submitted by the authors.The quality of the papers in this publication reflects not only the obvious efforts of the authors and the technical editor(s),but also the work of the peer reviewers.In keeping with long-standing publication practices,ASTM maintains the anonymity of the peer reviewers.The ASTM Committee on Publications acknowledges with appreciation their dedication and contribution of time and effort on behalf of ASTM.Printed in Baltimore,MD June 2001 Foreword This publication,Materials Characterization by Dynamic and Modulated Thermal Analytical Techniques,contains papers presented at the symposium of the same name held in Toronto,Ontario,on May 25-26,2000.The symposium was sponsored by ASTM Committee E-37 on Thermal Mea-surements.The symposium co-chairmen were Alan T.Riga,Cleveland State University,Cleveland,Ohio,and Lawrence Judovits,ATOFINA Chemicals,King of Prussia,Pennsylvania.Contents Overview FUNDAMENTALS OF MDSC Temperature-Modulated Calorimetry of Polymers with Single and Multiple Frequencies to Determine Heat Capacities as Well as Reversible and Irreversible Transition Parameters-BVtD WUNDERLICH Measurement of Crystallinity in Polymers Using Modulated Temperature Differential Scanning Calorimetry-MIKE READING,DUNCAN M.PRICE,AND HF_.LNE ORLIAC Crystallization of Polymers and the Rigid Amorphous Fraction Studied by the Temperature-Modulated Techniques TMDSC and TMDMA-ctlmSTOPH sCmCK,ANDREAS WURM,AND MIKHAIL MERZLIAKOV THE USE OF MTDSC IN CURING AND CHEMICAL REACTIONS Evaluation of the Curing Process in a Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composite by Temperature-Modulated and Step Scan DSC and DMA-BRVAN mLYEU,WITOLD BROSTOW,AND KEVIN P.MENARD MEASUREMENT OF THE GLASS TRANSITION AND MELTING BY MODULATED AND COMPARATIVE TECHNIQUES Effects of TMDSC Variables on the Observed Glass Transitions of Elastomers-A Statistical Analysis-KRISTINE N.LUDWIG,KAREN E.BURKHOLDER,JOHN F.WILLEY,AND ALAN T.RIGA Glass Transformation Studies of Vitreous As2Se 3 by Temperature-Modulated DSC-s.o.KASAP AND D.TONCHEV GENERAL MODULATED TECHNIQUES Comparison Between Modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry(MDSC)and Dynamic Differential Scanning Calorimetry(DDSC)-L.CtmaSTINE FULLER AND LAWRENCE JUDOVITS vii 17 32 49 67 81 89 OTHER MODULATED TECHNIQUES Modulated-Temperature Thermomechanical Measurements-DUNCAN M.PRICE Obtaining Kinetic Parameters Using Modulated Temperature-ROGER L.BLAINE 103 115 DYNAMIC TECHNIQUES-A Analysis of Curing Using Simultaneous Dynamic Mechanical and Dielectric Measurements-JOHN H.SUWARDIE Characterization of Electrorheological Processes By Dielectric Thermal Analysis-ALAN T.RIGA,JOHN M.CAHGON,AND JOSEPH W.PIALET Characterization of Organic Surfactants and Dispersants by Frequency-Dependent Dielectric Thermal Analysis and ElectrochemistrymVADIM LVOVICH,JOHN CAHOON,AND ALAN RIGA 131 139 157 DYNAMIC TECHNIQUEs-B Development of Bismaleimlde/Cyanate Ester CopoIymers-BRIAN C.SISK,KATHY CHUANG,AND WEI-PING PAN Application of Theory to Prediction and Analysis of Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Polymer Composites-ANATOLIY YA.GOLDMAN Glass Transition Temperature of Selected Polymers by TMDSC,DMTA and DETA Analyses-MARIA CRISTINA RIGHETTI,MARIA PIZZOLI,AND GIUSEPPINA CECCORULLI Author Index Subject