ASTM_F_2966_-_13.pdf

Designation:F296613Standard Guide forSnow and Ice Control for Walkway Surfaces1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2966;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide covers snow and ice control procedures.It isintended to recommend known methods to bring about reason-ably safe walkways where snow and ice may impact the safetyof pedestrians.1.2 Conformance with this guide will not alleviate all snowand ice hazards;however,conformance represents a reasonableeffort to reduce pedestrian risks associated with snow and ice.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F1637 Practice for Safe Walking SurfacesF1646 Terminology Relating to Safety and Traction forFootwear3.Terminology3.1 See Terminology F1646 for the following terms:fall,friction,pedestrian,ramp,sidewalk,slip,slip resistant,andwalkway.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 anti-icing materials,ndry or liquid snow and icecontrol materials applied before a snow and ice event intendedto prevent precipitation from bonding(that is,freezing)withthe pavement,or weaken bonds formed for easier removal.33.2.2 de-icing materials,nsnow and ice melting productsapplied on top of a layer of snow or ice,or both,that is bondedto the pavement.3.2.2.1 DiscussionCan also be applied proactively,during,or after plowing or snow and ice removal.34.Significance and Use4.1 This guide outlines key elements of snow and icecontrol on walkway surfaces.5.Snow/Ice Control5.1 General:5.1.1 Control techniques for exterior walkway surfacesinclude anti-icing,plowing,snow blowing,shoveling,de-icing,and/or applying sand or other abrasives.5.1.2 Reasonable effort should be made to ensure exteriorwalkway surface safety for pedestrian traffic.5.1.3 A combination of preparatory and ongoing snow andice control methods should be employed,as applicable.5.1.4 Snow and ice control procedures should be prioritizedbased on pedestrian usage.Where feasible,parking lots shouldbe barricaded,plowed,and treated with de-icing materialsbefore permitting use.5.1.5 Snow and ice storage accumulations should be locatedto avoid obstructing drains,downspouts,or walkway drainagefeatures.5.1.6 Stair systems,ramps,handrails and side rails shouldbe cleared of snow and ice before permitting their use.5.1.7 Walkway surfaces should be monitored and treated forrefreezing.5.1.8 Removed snow and ice should be placed/stored in amanner that does not create a slip hazard upon melting orrefreezing.For example,plowing snow accumulations to lowerelevations of the property or onto grassy areas may preventpotentially hazardous refreezing of melt water.5.1.9 Removed snow and ice should not be stored in amanner that creates a safety hazard for pedestrians,such asplacement that blocks a path of egress.Fire hydrants andsimilar fixtures that could be covered by snow and ice shouldbe marked with reflective posts,stakes,or other distinctivemarkings.5.1.10 Special attention should be given to snow and iceclearance and control during reasonably foreseeable peakpedestrian traffic periods,including but not limited to early1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F13 on Pedestrian/Walkway Safety and Footwear and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeF13.50 on Walkway Surfaces.Current edition approved July 1,2013.Published August 2013.DOI:10.1520/F2966-13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3National Cooperative Highway Research Program(NCHRP)Report 577:Guidelines for the Selection of Snow and Ice Control Materials to MitigateEnvironmental Impacts,Transportation Research Board of the National Academies,2007.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 morning hours,shift change,or prior to employee,vendor,visitor,and customer arrivals,including commercial dock orreceiving area driveways,steps and ramps.5.1.11 To scrape and wipe de-icing and anti-icing materials,slush,water and other debris from pedestrian footwear atentrances,suitable walk off mats,recessed grille mats,perma-nent carpet tiles and similar equipment should be used.(SeePractice F1637,subsection 5.4,for additional information.)5.2 Planning:5.2.1 Plans for snow and ice control should be in writing.Procedures should be prioritized b