_STP_91-1949.pdf

Prepared byCommittee E-9 on FatigueAMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING MATERIALS1949Reg.U.S.Pat.Off.Special Technical Publication No.91Published byAMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING MATERIALS1916 Race St.,Philadelphia 3,Pa,MANUAL ONFATIGUE TESTINGCopyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Fri Dec 18 15:18:32 EST 2015Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.NOTE.The Society is not responsible,as a body,for the statementsand opinions advanced in this publication.Printed in Baltimore,Md.,U.S.A.December,1949COPYRIGHT,1949BY THEAMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING MATERIALSCopyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Fri Dec 18 15:18:32 EST 2015Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.CONTENTSSECTION PAGEI Introduction 1II Symbols and Nomenclature for Fatigue Testing 3III Fatigue Testing Machines 6IV Specimens and Their Preparation 30V Test Procedure and Technique 38VI Presentation of Fatigue Data 66VII Interpretation of Fatigue Data 77VIII Bibliography 806Copyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Fri Dec 18 15:18:32 EST 2015Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.PERSONNEL OF COMMITTEE E-9 ON FATIGUESoope.The formulation of methods for the determination of fatigue characteristics ofsimple and composite materials,components,and processed parts;the promotionresearch in these fields;and the coordination of such Society activities conductedby other technical committees.CHAIRMAN:R.E.PETERSON,Westinghouse Electric Corp.,Research Labs.,East Pitts-burgh,Pa.SECRETARY:O.J.HORGER,The Timken Roller Bearing Co.,Railway Div.,Canton 6,Ohio.TOTAL MEMBERSHIP(34)Allegheny Ludlum Steel Corp.:C.M.SheridanAlmen,J.O.(see General Motors Corp.)American Chain and Cable Co.,Inc.:W.B.Lashar.Jr.Barnes-Gibson-Raymond,Division of Asso-ciated Spring Corp.:F.P.ZimmerliBland.R.B.(see Nat.Advisory Committee forAeronautic*)Blank,A./.(see Chase Brass&Copper Co.)Chase Brass and Copper Co.,Inc.:A.I.BlankCode,C.J.(P.R.R.)Dolan,T.J.(Univ.of 111.)Dow Chemical Co.,The:O.H.FoundFindley,W.N.(Univ.of 111.)(also Con-sultant on Plastics to E-9)Ford Motor Co.:D.M.McCutcheonFound.O.H.(see Dow Chem.Co.,The)Frankland,J.M.(Chance Vought AircraftDiv.of United Aircraft Corp.)Freeman,J.R.,Jr.(Am.Brass Co.)General Electric Co.:Carl SchabtachGeneral Motors Corp.:J.O.AlmenGillett,H.W.(Battelle Memorial Inst.)Gohn,G.R.(Bell Telephone Labs.,Inc.)Grossmann,M.A.(Carnegie-Illinois SteelCorp.)Horger,O.J.(Secretary)(Timken RollerBearing Co.)Jackson,L.R.(Battelle Memorial Inst.)Johnson,J.B.(U.S.Dept.of the Air Force)Kommers,J.B.-(Univ.of Wis.)I.ankford,W.T.(Carnegie-Illinois SteelCorp.)Lashar,W.B.,Jr.(see Am.Chain&Cable Co.,Inc.)Lauenstein,C.F.(see Link-Belt Co.)Lessells.J.M.(Massachusetts Inst.ofTech.)Link Belt Co.:C.F.LauensteinMann,H.O.(see U.S.Dept.of the Army)McCutcheon,D.M.(see Ford Motor Co.)Mikhalapov,G.S.(Air Reduction Sales Co.)Mochel,N.L.(Westinghouse Elec.Corp.)Moore,H.F.(Univ.of 111.)Moore.R.R.(U.S.Naval Aircraft Factory)National Advisory Committee for Aeronau-tics:R.B.BlandNational Bureau of Standards:W.F.RoeserPeterson,R.E.(Chairman)(WestinghouseElec.Corp.)Roeser.W.F.(see Nat.Bureau of Standards)Schabtach,Carl see General Electric Co.)Sheridan,O.M.(see Allegheny Ludlum SteelCorp.)Stewart,W.O.(see U.B.Naval Sng.Experi-ment Station)Tempi in,R.L.(Aluminum Co.of America)U.S.Department of the Army:Ordnance Dept.,Watertown ArsenalH.C.MannU.S.Naval Engineering Experiment Sta-tion:W.C.StewartZimmerli,P.P.(see Barnet-Oibson-Raymond)ZurBurg.H.H.(Chrysler Corp.)Consulting MembersBarrett,C.S.(Inst.for the Study of Metals,Univ.of Chicago)(X-ray)Converse,L.S.(Am.Viscose Corp.)(Tex-tiles)Foster,H.W.(Lockheed Aircraft Corp.)(Aircraft)Grlnsfelder,Henry Resinous Products&Chem.Co.)(Adheslves)Kimmich,E.G.(Goodyear Tire&RubberCo.)(Rubber)Lewis,W.C.(U.S.Forest Products Lab.)(Wood)Littleton,J.T.(Corning Glass Works)(Glass)Navlas,Louis(General Elec.Co.)(Ceram-ics)Siess,C.P.(Univ.of 111.)(Concrete)Toeplitz,W.R.(Bound Brook Oil-LessBearing Co.)(Powdered Metals)Corresponding MemberGough,H.J.(Lever Brothers&Unilever,Ltd.)Non-voting.Copyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Fri Dec 18 15:18:32 EST 2015Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.SECTION IINTRODUCTION1Although it is nearly a century sinceAugust Wohler started his classic fa-tigue tests,we see about us more fatiguetesting than ever before.This is,ofcourse,a consequence of the MachineAge in which we are living.New formsof transportation,new automatic pro-duction machinery,advances in primemovers such as the gas turbine,all de-mand better knowledge of materials.In this corinection,fatigue2 of mate-rials is of prime importance because itis a direct mechanism of failure.I