_STP_1601-2017.pdf

Concrete Pipe and Box CulvertsSTP 1601Editors:John J.MeyerJosh BeakleyASTM INTERNATIONAL Selected Technical PapersEditors:John J.Meyer and Josh BeakleyConcrete Pipe and Box CulvertsASTM STOCK#STP1601DOI:10.1520/STP1601-EBSelected technical PaPerSStP1601ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959 Printed in the U.S.A.Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication DataNames:Meyer,John,1952-editor.|Beakley,Josh,1967-editor.|ASTM International,sponsoring body.Title:Concrete pipe and box culverts/editors,John Meyer,Josh Beakley.Description:West Conshohocken,PA:ASTM International,2017|Series:Selected technical papers;STP1601|Papers presented at a symposium held December 7,2016,in Orlando,Florida,USA sponsored by ASTM International Committee C13 on Concrete Pipe.|“ASTM Stock#STP1601.”|Includes bibliographical references.Identifiers:LCCN 2017019653(print)|LCCN 2017019985(ebook)|ISBN 9780803176461(ebook)|ISBN 9780803176454(pbk.)Subjects:LCSH:Concrete culverts-Congresses.Classification:LCC TE213(ebook)|LCC TE213.C66 2017(print)|DDC 625.7/342-dc23LC record available at https:/lccn.loc.gov/2017019653ISBN:978-0-8031-7645-4Copyright 2017 ASTM INTERNATIONAL,West Conshohocken,PA.All rights reserved.This material may not be reproduced or copied,in whole or in part,in any printed,mechanical,electronic,film,or other distribution and storage media,without the written consent of the publisher.Photocopy RightsAuthorization to photocopy items for internal,personal,or educational classroom use,or the internal,personal,or educational classroom use of specific clients,is granted by ASTM International provided that the appropriate fee is paid to the Copyright Clearance Center,222 Rosewood Drive,Danvers,MA 01923,Tel:(978)646-2600;http:/ Society is not responsible,as a body,for the statements and opinions expressed in this publication.ASTM International does not endorse any products represented in this publication.Peer Review PolicyEach paper published in this volume was evaluated by two peer reviewers and at least one editor.The authors addressed all of the reviewers comments to the satisfaction of both the technical editor(s)and the ASTM International Committee on Publications.The quality of the papers in this publication reflects not only the obvious efforts of the authors and the technical editor(s),but also the work of the peer reviewers.In keeping with long-standing publication practices,ASTM International maintains the anonymity of the peer reviewers.The ASTM International Committee on Publications acknowledges with appreciation their dedication and contribution of time and effort on behalf of ASTM International.Citation of PapersWhen citing papers from this publication,the appropriate citation includes the paper authors,“paper title,”STP title,STP number,book editor(s),ASTM International,West Conshohocken,PA,year,page range,paper doi,listed in the footnote of the paper.A citation is provided on page one of each paper.Printed in Bay Shore,NYJune,2017THIS COMPILATION OF Selected Technical Papers,STP1601,Concrete Pipe and Box Culverts,contains peer-reviewed papers that were presented at a symposium held December 7,2016,in Orlando,Florida,USA.The symposium was sponsored by ASTM International Committee C13 on Concrete Pipe.Symposium Chairpersons and STP Editors:John J.MeyerConsultantWales,WI,USAJosh BeakleyAmerican Concrete Pipe AssociationIrving,TX,USAForewordvOverview viiLap Weld Strength of Reinforced Concrete Pipe Cages 1George Hand II,David Schnerch,and Kimberly L.SpahnThe History and Application of the Three-Edge Bearing Test for Concrete Pipe 18Eric Carleton,Steve Hiner,and John KurdzielThe Evolution of the Application of Highway Live Loads to Buried Concrete Pipe 28Josh BeakleyResearch and Concepts Behind the ASTM C1818 Specification for Synthetic Fiber Concrete Pipes 42Ashley Wilson,Ali Abolmaali,Yeonho Park,and Emmanuel AttiogbeHistory of Reinforced Concrete Low-Head Pressure Pipe Design 50Corey L.HaederHistory of the ASTM Specifications for Precast Reinforced Concrete Box Culvert Sections 59Steven J.DelloRusso and George Wayne HodgeGFRP Reinforcements in Box Culvert Bridge:A Case Study After Two Decades of Service 75Omid Gooranorimi,John Myers,and Antonio NanniStructural Design of ASTM C361 Low Head Pressure Pipe Joints 89Corey L.HaederEvolution of Precast Box Culvert Joint and Sealing 118Pardeep SharmaCalculation Variations Between the Indirect and Direct Design Methods 135Shawn R.Coombs and John KurdzielContentsviiAs we approach the end of the second decade of the twenty-first century,we must continue to move forward with an enlightened vision,building on the tremendous ad-vancements made by the concrete pipe industry since its formation in the early 1900s.This series of selected technical papers(STP)was published as the end-result of the December 2016 symposium on Concrete Pipe and Box Culverts,held in Orlando,Florida.The event was sponsored by ASTM Committee C13 on Concrete Pipe