_STP_494-1971.pdf

WELDING THE HY STEELSIssued Under the Auspices ofAmerican Society for Testing and MaterialsandThe Defense Metals Information CenterPrepared byR.W.Flax,R.E.Keith,and M.D.RandallASTM Sgecial Technical Publication 494List price$3.5004-494000-02AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS1916 Race Street Philadelphia,Pennsylvania 19103BY AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS 1971Library of Congress Catalog Card Number:72-157308ISBN 0-8031-0073-6The Society is not responsible,as a body,for the statements and opinionsadvanced in this publication.Printed in Alpha,N.J.April 1971The American Society for Testing and Materials and the Defense Metals Information Center share adedication to the more efficient utilization of technical information on metals and their properties.ASTMis the leading society in the promotion of knowledge of materials and the standardization of specificationsand methods of testing;DMIC,sponsored by the U.S.Department of Defense and operated by BattelleMemorial Institute,serves the technical community as a major source of information on the advancedmetals.This report is the third cooperative publication of ASTM and DMIC.The first was the ASTM DataSeries Publication,The Elevated-Temperature Properties of Selected Superalloys,DS 7-S1,issued in July,1968.The Second,Compilation of Chemical Compositions and Rupture Strengths of Superalloys,DS 9E,was issued in October,1970.Pagei11112234677788899101011111111121212121313151517171818182020212324SUMMARYINTRODUCTIONGENERAL CONSIDERATIONS IN WELDING HY-80,HY-100,AND HY-130 STEELSWelding Processes Used for the HY SteelsShielded Metal-Arc Welding Submerged-Arc WeldingGas Metal-Arc W e l d iNarrow-Gap WeldingGas Tungsten-Arc WeldingElectron-Beam Welding.Weldment EvaluationWELDING OF HY-80 AND HY-100 STEELSCompositionMetallurgical CharacteristicsBase-Material Properties.WeldabilityProperties of Weldments.Shielded Metal-Arc Welding Gas Metal-Arc WeldingGas Tungsten-Arc WeldingSubmerged-Arc WeldingProblems in Welding HY-80MicrocrackingDelayed CrackingWELDING OF HY-130 STEELCompositionMetallurgical Characteristics.Base-Metal PropertiesWelding CharacteristicsComparison of Welding Processes for HY-130Shielded Metal-Arc Welding.Gas Metal-Arc WeldingGas Tungsten-Arc WeldingOther Welding ProcessesWeldment PropertiesWeld MetalHeat-Affected ZonePlane-Strain Fracture ToughnessCorrosion and Stress CorrosionExplosion-Bulge PropertiesHydrogen Content of HY-130 Weld MetalREFERENCESTABLE OF CONTENTSCopyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Fri Jan 1 23:00:30 EST 2016Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.WELDING THE HY STEELSR.W.Flax,R.E.Keith,and M.D.Randall51SUMMARYThe principal advantages of the HY-steels are their good combination of strength andtoughness over a wide temperature range and their good weldability in heavy sections withlittle preheat and no postweld heat treatment.This class of steels includes Ni-Cr-Mo steelsdesignated HY-80 and HY-100 and a Ni-Cr-Mo-V steel tentatively designated HY-130.Theyare low-carbon steels that achieve their strength and toughness through a quenching and temperingheat treatment.The following welding processes and their proper application to the Hy-steels are discussed:(1)shielded metal-arc welding,(2)submerged-arc welding,(3)gas metal-arc welding,(4)Narrow-Gap welding,(5)gas tungsten-arc welding,(6)plasma arc welding,and(7)electron beam welding.HY-80 and HY-100 have 80,000 psi and 100,000 psi minimum yield strengths respectively,and very similar chemical compositions.In general,these alloys are considered highly weldable,and their as-welded properties are very good when proper welding procedures are used.HY-130is a higher alloy quenched-and-tempered steel having a minimum yield strength of 130,000 psi.Development of filler materials for joining HY-130 has been hampered by the difficulty of obtainingthe combination of high toughness and high strength required in the as-welded condition.Heat-affected-zone microcracking and weld-and base-metal delayed cracking have beenproblems in welding HY-80 and HY-100.These can,however,be controlled by proper meltingand processing of the base materials during production and by exercising proper precautionsduring welding.HY-130 has shown sensitivity to weld-metal contamination by carbon,sulfur,phosphorus,hydrogen,oxygen,and nitrogen.Research Engineer,Associate Fellow,and Chief,respectively,Materials Joining EngineeringDivision,Battelle Memorial Institute,Columbus,Ohio.This page intentionally left blank Copyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Fri Jan 1 23:00:30 EST 2016Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.INTRODUCTIONThis report was prepared in response to a request from theWorking Panel on Metals,Subgroup P on Materials,of The Tech-nical Cooperation Program,and covers the metallurgical character-is