ASTM_F_2452_-_04_2012.pdf

Designation:F245204(Reapproved 2012)Standard Practice forDetermining the Adhesion of Print Media UtilizingMechanical Stress:Two Different Test MethodsScore/Tapeand Cross Hatch1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2452;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice describes procedures to obtain subjective,but comparative data for adhesion of print media used inprinters,copies and other reprographic devices.1.2 This method is applicable to constructions where theprint media is subject to failure under mechanical stress frommostly peel conditions(that is,paper,film,cloth,and so forth).1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F2226 Practice for Determining the Adhesion of Prints andLaminating Films3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 film and high sized paper substraterecording ele-ment having low water permeability.An internal or surfacesizing of a porous paper substrate minimizes water absorptionand improves internal bonds.In the adhesion test fibers do nottear off a paper substrate.3.1.2 porous paper substraterecording element havinglimited internal or surface sizing.This type of papers has weakinternal bonds.It is common in the adhesion test that fibers tearoff a porous substrate.3.1.3 print mediarecording elements used by printers toreceive inks or toners.The substrate may be paper,plastic,canvas,fabric,or other ink-receptive material.The substratemay,or not,be coated with an ink receptive layer(s).4.Significance and Use4.1 Good adhesion is a prime consideration for print media.For coated papers failure can occur between the coating and thesubstrate or between coated layers,while for uncoated papersfailure can occur between the imaged area and the substrate.This practice utilizing mechanical stress allows comparativestudies of print media by examining adhesion in both printedand unprinted areas.4.2 Factors in the office and outdoor environments,such asheat,cold,thermal shock,ultraviolet/visible radiation andwater vapor can have a similar effect on adhesion as mechani-cal stress.4.3 This practice is used to obtain comparative data ofadhesion strength of print media.5.Interferences5.1 Since adhesion is dependent on temperature andhumidity,it is important that the effects of mechanical stress beassessed under the conditions appropriate to the end useapplications.While print media may be handled and displayedunder a variety of conditions,this test practice is intended tomeasure adhesion in typical indoor environments.5.2 Adhesion is dependent on temperature and should betested at the manufacturers recommended temperature for thebest performance.5.3 The adhesion of printed images is dependent on theprinting mode,the type of color and the amount of applied ink.5.4 The practice is intended to measure adhesion of printmedia without specifying above-mentioned parameters.6.Materials6.1 Razor blade,single edge or cutting board,pressure-sensitive tape(25 mm(1 in.)wide).6.1.1 The adhesion strength of pressure-sensitive tape isdependent on lot number due to batch production process andstorage time.The same manufacturing tape with identical lot1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F05 on BusinessImaging Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F05.03 onResearch.Current edition approved Oct.1,2012.Published November 2012.Originallyapproved in 2004.Last previous edition approved in 2004 as F245204.DOI:10.1520/F2452-04R12.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 number should be used for testing conducted in differentlaboratories.The pressure-sensitive tapes adhesion variesdepending on the coating and substrate.The adhesion strengthof the tape should be agreed upon between the manufacturer ofthe tested coating and the end user.6.2 Test specimens,at least three.They have to be printedwith a test image if prints adhesion is evaluated.7.Test Specimens7.1 The print media method of printing,ink or toner laydown,and handling of printed specimens shall be consistentwith their anticipated end use.7.2 The test image can be any picture printed using printfiles containing the appropriate printer setup specific for eachapplication.7.3 The same