_STP_1192-1993.pdf

Engine Coolant Testing:Volume 3 3 STP 1192 ThirdRoy E.Beal,editor ASTM Publication Code Number(PCN)04-011920-15 ASTM 1916 Race Street Philadelphia,PA 10103 ASTM Publication Code Number(PCN):04-011920-15 ISBN:0-8031-1851-1 ISSN:1050-7523 Copyright?9 1993 AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS,Philadelphia,PA.All rights reserved.This material may not be reproduced or copied,in whole or in part,in any printed,mechanical,electronic,film,or other distribution and storage media,without the written consent of the publisher.Photocopy Rights Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use,or the internal or personal use of specific clients,is granted by the AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS for users registered with the Copyright Clearance Center(CCC)Transactional Reporting Service,provided that the base fee of$2.50 per copy,plus$0.50 per page is paid directly to CCC,27 Congress St.,Salem,MA 01970;(508)744-3350.For those organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by CCC,a separate system of payment has been arranged.The fee code for users of the Transactional Reporting Service is 0-8031-1851-1/93$2.50+.50.Peer Review Policy Each paper published in this volume was evaluated by three peer reviewers.The authors addressed all of the reviewers comments to the satisfaction of both the technical editor(s)and the ASTM Committee on Publications.The quality of the papers in this publication reflects not only the obvious efforts of the authors and the technical editor(s),but also the work of these peer reviewers.The ASTM Committee on Publications acknowledges with appreciation their dedication and contribution to time and effort on behalf of ASTM.Printed in Ann Arbor,MI May 1993 Contents Overview A Review of Automotive Engine Coolant Technology-H.J.HANNIGAN Corrosion Protection of Aluminum Heat-Transfer Surfaces in Engine Coolants Using Monoacid/Diacid Inhibitor TechnoIogy-JEAN-PmRRE MAES AND PAUL VAN DE VEN Discussion Fleet Test Correlations of Original Equipment Coolant Pump Failures and Engine Coolant Formulations-JEFFREY M.BURNS Discussion An Investigation of Carboxylic Acids as Corrosion Inhibitors in Engine Coolant-WILLIAM C.MERCER Discussion Fleet Test Evaluation of Engine Coolants Using Sebacic Acid Inhibitor Technology-NORMAN C.ADAMOWICZ AND DANIEL F.FALLA Discussion Corrosion Testing for Aluminum Alloy Selection in Automotive Radiators-ROY E.BEAL AND REFKI EL-BOURINI An Overview of Cavitation Corrosion of Diesel Cylinder Liners-RICHARD D.HERCAMP Discussion Phosphate-Molybdate Supplement Coolant Additives for Heavy Duty Diesel Engines-R.D.HUDGENS Discussion Toxicity and Disposal of Engine Coolants-R.DOUGLAS HUDGENS AND R.B.BUSTAMANTE Discussion Test Strips for Rapid On-Site Analysis of Engine Coolants-PAUL g.HEMMES,THOMAS H.KREISER,SARAH VALLE,AND RICHARD D.HERCAMP Discussion 11 22 25 40 44 58 63 82 83 107 126 128 148 149 164 165 179 Application of Inductively Coupled Plasma(ICP)Emission Spectroscopy and Laser Ablation-ICP for Problem Solving in Coolant Systems-WALTER ZAMECHEK AND DALE A.McKENZIE Discussion 180 189 The Chemistry of Oxalic Acid Cleaning of Engine Cooling Systems-PETER M.WOYCIESJES 190 Investigation of Deposits on Water Pump Seal FaceS-RANDALL J.STAFFORD Discussion 205 213 The Relationship Between Sealing Performance of Mechanical Seals and Composition of Coolants for Automotive Engines-KENJI KmYU,OSAMU HIRATA,AKIRA YOSHINO,KEN OKADA,AND HIROSHI HIRABAYASHI 215 Characterization of Used Engine Coolant by Statistical Analysis-STEPHEN M,WOODWARD AND ALEKSEI V.GERSHUN Discussion 234 246 Coolant Maintenance and Extension of Coolant Life for Light Duty Vehicles-RICHARD D.HERCAMP AND ROBERT A.REMIASZ Discussion 248 257 A Multi-Stage Process for Used Antifreeze/Coolant Purification-ROBERT C.RICHARDSON Discussion 258 274 An Evaluation of Engine Coolant Recycling Processes:Part I-WAYNE H.BRADLEY Discussion 276 287 Heavy Duty Diesel Engine Coolants:Technology Update-F.A.KELLEY 289 Index 297 STP1192-EB/May 1993 Overview Engine coolant usage continues to increase on a worldwide basis as the overall vehicle pop-ulation becomes larger.Many off-highway vehicles and stationary equipment facilities also use engine coolant.Water preservation and environmental concerns are reflected in a gradually expanded use of coolant for industrial cooling applications.Vehicle cooling predominates and is the major concern for the symposium.Average vehicle size and coolant capacity has recently reduced in the United States.More efficient engine designs tend to use less coolant volume for equivalent heat rejection purposes.Modern automobiles are made with newer and lighter weight materials.The importance of aluminum alloy protection by engine coolant has become evident,together with an increased use of composite plastics.Meanwhile,the average age of vehicles on the highway has increased,and these older vehicles require engine coolant replace-ment at regular intervals.The engine coolant specialist