ASTM_F_598_-_00.pdf

Designation:F 598 00Standard Practice forDetermining the Resistance of Carbonless Papers toCapsular Damage1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 598;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 The test procedures of this practice are applicable to anycarbonless paper product that employs a coating of micro-capsules bonded to one side of the paper wherein the activematerial within the capsules is a colorless reactant capable ofgenerating color when the capsules are broken and the con-tained solution is simultaneously transferred to a reactivereceptor surface capable of changing the chemical from acolorless to a colored condition.1.2 The procedures are designed to demonstrate the extentof damage incurred by(1)controlling the rate of slippage oftest units held in contact with each other under a calibratedweight and(2)by the controlled application of pressure to testunits held stationary with respect to each other.1.2.1 The first test procedure is designed to demonstrate theresistance to capsular damage related to plies slipping underpressure.1.2.2 The second test procedure is designed to demonstratethe resistance to capsular damage related only to pressure,suchas between plies within rolls,between sheets in a stack or dueto nip effects in web processing,converting,or end-useequipment.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult andestablish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 585 Practice for Sampling and Accepting a Single Lot ofPaper,Paperboard,Fiberboard,and Related Products2D 685 Practice for Conditioning Paper and Paper Productsfor Testing2D 774 Test Method for Bursting Strength of Paper2F 549 Terminology Relating to Carbonless Copy Products22.2TAPPI Standard:T 425 Opacity of Paper(15/Diffuse Illuminant A,89%Reflectance Backing and Paper Backing)32.3ANSI Standards:IT 2.1619954IT 2.17199543.Terminology Definitions3.1 Refer to Terminology F 549.4.Summary of Practice4.1 Test Under Dynamic ConditionsA receptor(CF)testunit of fixed area is held in position under fixed pressure whilea donor test unit of specified length is drawn under it bycontrolled mechanical means.The receptor coated side of theCF sample and the donor coated side of the CB sample must bein contact.4.2 The degree of color development,as indicated by thecontrast ratio between the CF test specimen and the back-ground is used to calculate the damage factor.4.2.1 Reversing the positions of the CF and CB test unitswill result in an invalid test.In a situation where the fixed areaof CB test unit is affected by a strip of CF unit,an attenuationof the released reactant will occur along the length of the testarea.The test must be conducted according to the conventionsspecified under 4.1 or the test conditions are not being met.4.3 Test Under Stationary ConditionsCB and CF units ofidentical areas are placed face to face and subjected tocontrolled pressure without slippage.The degree of colordevelopment on the CF test specimen,as indicated by thecontrast ratio between the test specimen,and the background isused to calculate the damage factor.5.Significance and Use5.1 The primary purpose of these tests is to obtain informa-tion from a statistical sampling of a lot or shipment of paperthat will predict how well the whole lot will resist capsulardamage from normal handling processes,either in manufactur-ing or in subsequent processing,storage,and use.5.2 Other aspects of significance are covered in 1.2.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F-5 on BusinessCopy Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F05.06 onCarbonless Copy Paper.Current edition approved June 10,2000.Published August 2000.Originallypublished as F 598 78.Last previous edition F 598 86(1996)e1.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 15.09.3Available from the Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry,P.O.Box 105113,Atlanta,GA 30348.4Available from American National Standards Institute,11 West 42nd Street,New York,NY 10036.1Copyright ASTM,100 Barr Harbor Drive,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.6.Interferences6.1 If tests are performed as specified,there are no knowninterferences.7.Apparatus7.1 Bursting Strength Tester5Modified ASTM/TAPPIbursting strength tester(see Annex A1).7.2 Smooth Steel Plate,3 by 3 by14in.(76 by 76 by 6.4mm)thick,for modifying clamp of bursting strength tester.7.3 Opacimeter6Standard ASTM/TAPPI(BNL)Opaci-meter or alternative reflectometer(see Annex A2).7.4 Motorized Dynamic Slippage Tester.77.5 Stop Watch o