ASTM_F_362_-_F_362M_-_91_2010e1.pdf

Designation:F362/F362M91(Reapproved 2010)1Standard Test Method forDetermining the Erasability of Inked Ribbons1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F362/F362M;the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEUnits information was editorially revised in December 2010.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the eras-ability of inked ribbons.1.2 Results are expressed in visual ranking order or incomparison to a control.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D725 Method for Identification of Wire Side of Paper;Reinstated 1990 as D 5039(Withdrawn 1979)3F221 Terminology Relating to Carbon Paper and InkedRibbon Products and Images Made TherefromF497 Practice for Use of the Electric and Electronic Type-writer as a Test Instrument2.2 TAPPI Standard:T 476 Abrasion Loss of Paper and Paperboard43.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms applicable to this test method,refer to Terminology F221.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method subjects a printed pattern to a con-trolled abrasive action similar to erasing and provides acomparative measure of image removal.5.Significance and Use5.1 This test method is used to compare the relative eras-ability of similar ribbons having approximately the sameamount(degree)of ink(inking)transfer capability.It issuitable for compiling rankings for comparative testing againsta control ribbon for service evaluation and quality control(research).6.Interferences6.1 The degree of image removal can and will vary due tothe differences and variations in paper,machines,inks,types ofink,and ribbon application.6.2 The use of(the)control ribbons is recommended(sinceit is impossible to match all possible causes of variation).7.Apparatus and Materials7.1 Typewriter,or other device for preparing a uniformprinted pattern.Special type for creating grid patterns isavailable from several typewriter manufacturers.Care must beexercised to assure the same typing conditions and paper areused for all samples.Refer to Practice F497.7.2 Ribbon of known quality used as a control.7.3 Abrasion TesterThe Taber abraser Model 174,or itsequivalent shall be used.7.4 Abrasive WheelsThe grade of Calibrase wheels des-ignated as CS-10F shall be used.7.5 Auxiliary Weighs,500-g.7.6 Specimen Holder,grade E100-125.7.7 Specimen Mounting Cards,grade S-36.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F05 on BusinessImaging Productsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F05.02 on InkedTransfer Imaging Products.Current edition approved Oct.1,2010.Published December 2010.Originallyapproved in 1972.Last previous edition approved in 2005 as F362 91(2005).DOI:10.1520/F0362_F0362M-91R10E01.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry,Technol-ogy Park/Atlanta,PO Box 105113,Atlanta,GA 30348.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 7.8 PaperIn normal use in facility where tests are con-ducted,the felt side of the paper shall be used for all tests,if thefelt side can be identified(see Method D725).If it can not beidentified,use same side for all tests.8.Test Specimen8.1 The test specimen shall be a printed pattern createdusing the test ribbon and control ribbon.Care should be takenthat an unused portion of the ribbon is tested.9.Calibration and Standardization9.1 Adjust the typewriter to produce a uniform patternsimilar in print darkness to typical printing.Maintain thisadjustment throughout the test series.See Practice F497.9.2 Adjust the abrasion tester according to the instructionsfound in TAPPI Method T 476.10.Procedure10.1 Conduct the test in an environment with stable condi-tions of temperature and relative humidity.If available,stan-dard conditions 50.0 6 2.0%relative humidity and 23.0 61.0C 73.4 6 3.6F should be used.10.2 Crea