ASTM_F_2617_-_15.pdf

Designation:F261715Standard Test Method forIdentification and Quantification of Chromium,Bromine,Cadmium,Mercury,and Lead in Polymeric Material UsingEnergy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2617;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method describes an energy dispersive X-rayfluorescence(EDXRF)spectrometric procedure for identifica-tion and quantification of chromium,bromine,cadmium,mercury,and lead in polymeric materials.1.2 This test method is not applicable to determine totalconcentrations of polybrominated biphenyls(PBB),polybro-minated diphenyl ethers(PBDE)or hexavalent chromium.Thistest method cannot be used to determine the valence states ofatoms or ions.1.3 This test method is applicable for a range from 20 mg/kgto approximately 1 wt%for chromium,bromine,cadmium,mercury,and lead in polymeric materials.1.4 This test method is applicable for homogeneous poly-meric material.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.Values given in parentheses are for information only.1.6 This test method is not applicable to quantitative deter-minations for specimens with one or more surface coatingspresent on the analyzed surface;however,qualitative informa-tion may be obtained.In addition,specimens less than infi-nitely thick for the measured X rays,must not be coated on thereverse side or mounted on a substrate.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD3641 Practice for Injection Molding Test Specimens ofThermoplastic Molding and Extrusion MaterialsD4703 Practice for Compression Molding ThermoplasticMaterials into Test Specimens,Plaques,or SheetsD6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assuranceand Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate AnalyticalMeasurement System PerformanceE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry forMetals,Ores,and Related MaterialsE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test MethodE1361 Guide for Correction of Interelement Effects inX-Ray Spectrometric AnalysisF2576 Terminology Relating to Declarable Substances inMaterials3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Definitions of terms applying to XRF,plastics anddeclarable substances appear in Terminology E135,Terminol-ogy D883 and Terminology F2576,respectively.3.1.2 Compton scatterthe inelastic scattering of an X-rayphoton through its interaction with the bound electrons of anatom;this process is also referred to as incoherent scatter.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F40 onDeclarable Substances in Materials and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeF40.01 on Test Methods.Current edition approved Aug.1,2015.Published October 2015.Originallyapproved in 2008.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as F2617-081.DOI:10.1520/F2617-15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.1.3 Rayleigh scatterthe elastic scattering of an X-rayphoton through its interaction with the bound electrons of anatom;this process is also referred to as coherent scatter.3.1.3.1 DiscussionThe measured count rate of Comptonand Rayleigh scattered radiation varies depending upon speci-men composition and may thus be used to compensate formatrix effects.One option is to use the measured count rate ofthe Compton scatter in the same manner as the measured countrate of an internal standard element.Alternatively,the mea-sured count rate of the Compton scatter or the Compton/Rayleigh scatter ratio may be used indirectly for estimating theeffective mass absorption coefficient of the specimen,which isused to compensate for matrix effects.The concept of correc-tions based on the Compton scatter effect is discussed as anoptional part of several calibration choices in this standard.3.1.4 fundamental parameters(FP)modela model forcalibration of X-ray fluorescence response,including the cor-rection of matrix effects,based on the theory describing thephysical processes of the intera