ASTM_F_2333_-_04_2011.pdf

Designation:F233304(Reapproved 2011)An American National StandardStandard Test Method forTraction Characteristics of the Athletic ShoeSports SurfaceInterface1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2333;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers specifications for the perfor-mance of sports shoe-surface traction measuring devices,butdoes not require a specific device or mechanism to be used.Figs.1 and 2 show schematic diagrams of generic apparatus.1.2 This test method is appropriate for measuring the effectsof athletic shoe outsole design and materials on traction at theshoe-surface interface.1.3 This test method is appropriate for measuring the effectsof sport surface design and materials on traction at theshoe-surface interface.1.4 This test method specifies test procedures that areappropriate for both field and laboratory testing.1.5 Traction characteristics measured by this test methodencompass friction forces developed between shoe outsolesand playing surfaces.1.6 Traction characteristics measured by this test methodencompass traction achieved by penetration of cleats or studsinto playing surfaces.1.7 This test method specifies test procedures for the mea-surement of traction during linear translational motion androtational motion,but not simultaneous combinations of linearand translational motion.1.8 The loads and load rates specified in this test method arespecific to sports activities.The test method is not intended formeasurement of slip resistance or traction of pedestrian foot-wear.1.9 Test results obtained by this method shall be qualified bythe characteristics of the specimen.1.9.1 Comparative tests of surfaces shall be qualified by thecharacteristics of the shoes used to test the surfaces,includingthe cushioning,outsole material,and sole design.1.9.2 Comparative tests of shoes shall be qualified by thepertinent characteristics of the surfaces on which shoes aretested,including the surface type,material,condition,andtemperature.1.10 This test method does not establish performance orsafety criteria.The level of traction required between a sportshoe and surface varies with the level of performance and fromindividual to individual.The extent to which particular levelsof traction contribute to individual athletic performance andrisk of injury is not known.1.11 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.1.12 This standard may involve hazardous materials,opera-tions and equipment.This standard does not purport to addressall of the safety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It isthe responsibility of the user of this standard to establishappropriate safety and health practices and determine theapplicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 SAE Standard:SAE J211 Recommended Practice for Instrumentation forImpact Tests23.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 footforma rigid form approximating the shape of afoot or shoe last to which the shoe under test may be tightlyfitted and through which the loads required by this test methodmay be transmitted.3.1.2 tractionresistance to relative motion between a shoeoutsole and a sports surface that does not necessarily obeyclassical laws of friction.3.1.2.1 dynamic tractiontraction measured during relativesliding motion between the shoe and the surface.3.1.2.2 linear tractiontraction related to rectilinear motionparallel to the surface.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on SportsEquipment,Playing Surfaces,and Facilities and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee F08.54 on Athletic Footwear.Current edition approved Nov.1,2011.Published February 2012.Originallyapproved in 2004.Last previous edition approved in 2004 as F2333 04.DOI:10.1520/F2333-04R11.2Available from Society of Automotive Engineers(SAE),400 CommonwealthDr.,Warrendale,PA 15096-0001.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.1.2.3 rotational tractiontraction related to rotationalmotion about an axis normal to the surface.3.1.2.4 static tractiontraction measured at the start ofrelative sliding motion between the shoe and the surface.3.1.3 traction ratioratio of the traction force or torque andthe normal force acting at the shoe-surface interface.3.1.3.1 dymamic traction ratio(Tk,Rk)linear or rotationaltraction ratio measured during constant velocity relative mo-tion between the shoes and the surface.3.1.3.2 linear traction ratio(T)ratio of the force resistingrelative rectilinear motion of the shoe parallel to the surfaceand the normal force at the shoe-surface interface.3.1.3.3 rotational traction ratio(R)ratio of the torqueresisting relative rotational moti