_STP_478-1970.pdf

APPEARANCE OFMETALLIC SURFACESA symposiumpresented at theSeventy-first Annual MeetingAMERICAN SOCIETY FORTESTING AND MATERIALSSan Francisco,Calif.,23-28 June 1968ASTM SPECIAL TECHNICAL PUBLICATION 478List price$7.00AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS1916 Race Street,Philadelphia,Pa.19103Copyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Fri Jan 1 22:58:10 EST 2016Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.BY AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS 1970Library of Congress Catalog Card Number:77-132803ISBN 0-8031-0065-5NOTEThe Society is not responsible,as a body,for the statements and opinipnsadvanced in this publication.Printed in Baltimore,Md.October 1970Copyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Fri Jan 1 22:58:10 EST 2016Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.ForewordThe Symposium on Appearance of Metallic Surfaces was presentedat the Seventy-first Annual Meeting of the American Society for Testingand Materials held in San Francisco,Calif.,23-28 June 1968.The sponsorof this symposium was Committee E-12 on Appearance of Materials.E.F.Barkman,Reynolds Metals Co.,presided as symposium chairman.In addition to the four papers presented at the symposium a paper byB.W.Robinson has been included in this publication.Copyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Fri Jan 1 22:58:10 EST 2016Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.RelatedASTM PublicationsStainless Steel for Architectural Use,STP 454(1969),$9.75Nomenclature and Definitions Applicable to Radiometricand Photometric Characteristics of Matter,STP 475(1970),$3.00Copyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Fri Jan 1 22:58:10 EST 2016Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.ContentsIntroduction 1Appearance Attributes of Metallic SurfacesR.s.HUNTER 3Measurement of Appearance Characteristics of Stainless SteelA.E.GLUBISH 22Specular and Diffuse Reflectance Measurements of Aluminum SurfacesE.F.BARKMAN 46Instruments for the Measurement of Metallic AppearanceJ.s.CHRISTIE 59Proposed Method of Measurement for Appearance of Rolled Aluminum Sur-faces Using Distinctness of Image and Diffuse Reflectance MeasuringInstrumentsB.w.ROBINSON 79Copyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Fri Jan 1 22:58:10 EST 2016Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.This page intentionally left blank Copyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Fri Jan 1 22:58:10 EST 2016Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.IntroductionFor the past several years,ASTM Committee E-12 on Appearance ofMaterials has been studying the appearance of metallic surfaces.Thiswork has been conducted by Task Group 4.The participants in this worksoon realized that there existed no adequate and comprehensive compila-tion of techniques for describing the appearance attributes of metallicsurfaces.Other materials have long been studied with respect to theirappearance.For example,the color,texture,and visual appearance ofwhite and colored textiles,papers,and paints have been well defined,andASTM test methods for measuring chromatic attributes and gloss can befound in the Book of Standards.The metallic surfaces,however,presented a uniquely different problemof measuring the appearance.Most metallic surfaces have very little orno chromatic attributes.Or at least the chromatic features are not ofmajor importance to describe the visual properties of metals.Instead,metals exhibit the features which the consumer generally refers to asbrightness.This term,which is somewhat of a misnomer for describingwhat the eye first notices about metals,is one of the problems of accuratedefinitions confronting the workers in this field.In the past several years the metallic appearance of bare and coatedmetal products has developed an increasingly larger importance to con-sumer products such as automotive and appliances.Other product areas,such as jewelry and other decorative items,are examples where the metallicappearance is a primary characteristic of consumer appeal of the product.The space age also introduced needs for measuring and defining the opticalproperties of metallic surfaces as related to reflectors,surfaces to providethermal balance in space vehicles,and the characteristics of metallic sur-faces with respect to electromagnetic radiation and reflection outside thevisible spectrum.This publication,however,will present results andfindings of workers who are primarily concerned with the materials mostcommonly used for consumer products such as aluminum and stainless