ASTM_F_2370_-_15.pdf

Designation:F237015Standard Test Method forMeasuring the Evaporative Resistance of Clothing Using aSweating Manikin1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2370;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThe type of clothing worn by people directly affects the heat exchange between the human body andthe environment.The heat transfer is both sensible(conduction,convection,and radiation)and latent(evaporation).The evaporative resistance of a clothing ensemble is dependent upon the designs andmaterials used in the component garments,the amount of body surface area covered by the clothing,the distribution of the layers over the body,looseness or tightness of fit,and the increased surface areafor heat loss.Evaporative resistance measurements made on fabrics alone do not take these factors intoaccount.Measurements of the resistance to evaporative heat loss provided by clothing can be usedwith thermal resistance values(Test Method F1291)to determine the comfort or stress of people indifferent environments.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the evapo-rative resistance of clothing ensembles.It describes the mea-surement of the resistance to evaporative heat transfer from aheated sweating thermal manikin to a relatively calm environ-ment.Information on measuring the local evaporative resis-tance values for individual garments and ensembles is providedin Annex A1.1.1.1 This is a static test that provides a baseline clothingmeasurement on a standing manikin.1.1.2 The effects of body position and movement are notaddressed in this test method.1.2 The evaporative resistance values obtained apply only tothe particular ensembles evaluated and for the specified envi-ronmental conditions of each test,particularly with respect toair movement and sweating simulations.1.3 Evaporative resistance values reported in SI units shallbe regarded as standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test MethodF1291 Test Method for Measuring the Thermal Insulation ofClothing Using a Heated Manikin2.2 ISO Standards:3ISO 9920 Ergonomics of the Thermal EnvironmentEstimation of the Thermal Insulation and EvaporationResistance of a Clothing Ensemble3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 clothing area factor(fcl),nthe ratio of the surfacearea of the clothed body to the surface area of the nude body.3.1.2 clothing ensemble,na group of garments worntogether on the body at the same time.3.1.3 evaporative resistance,nthe resistance to evapora-tive heat transfer from the body to the environment.3.1.3.1 DiscussionThe evaporative resistance values canbe used to compare different clothing ensembles as long aseach test is conducted using the same experimental proceduresand test conditions.The following evaporative resistancevalues can be determined in this method:1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F23 on PersonalProtective Clothing and Equipment and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeF23.60 on Human Factors.Current edition approved Nov.1,2015.Published December 2015.Originallyapproved in 2005.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as F2370-10.DOI:10.1520/F2370-15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036,http:/www.ansi.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 Rea=evaporative resistance of the air layer on the surfaceof the nude manikins sweating surface measuredunder isothermal conditions.Ret=total evaporative resistance of the clothing andsurface air layer around the manikin measured underisothermal conditions.Recl=intrinsic evaporative resistance of the clothing mea-sured under isothermal conditions.ARea=apparent evaporative resistance of the air layer onthe surface of the nude manikins sweating surfacemeasured under non-isothermal conditions.ARet=apparent total evaporative resistance of the clothingand surface air layer around the manikin measuredunder non-isothermal conditions.ARecl=apparent intrinsic evaporative resistance of the cloth-ing measured under non-isothermal co