ASTM_F_2226_-_03_2009e1.pdf

Designation:F222603(Reapproved 2009)1Standard Practice forDetermining the Adhesion of Prints and Laminating Films1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2226;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEThe units of measure were editorially corrected in December 2009.1.Scope1.1 This practice covers procedures for printing a document,applying a laminating film and subsequently delaminating.Thelaminate film is used for encapsulating and mounting prints topreserve them in office and outdoor environments.1.2 This practice describes procedures for determining theadhesion strength of lamination film when it is applied to blackand white and color prints produced by printers,copiers andother reprographic devices.1.3 This practice can be used to test different laminates witha given set of inks and media or it can be used to evaluate inksand media with a given laminate.1.4 This practice specifies size of specimens and definesconditions for measurement of peel adhesion at a 180 angleand delamination speed.1.5 This practice is applicable to constructions where thesubstrate surface is subject to failure under peel conditions.1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Terminology2.1 Definitions:2.1.1 high temperature laminationlamination at tempera-ture not lower than 180F(80C).The maximum appliedtemperature is 240 to 250F(115 to 121C).2.1.2 lamination filmplastic film having an adhesive layeron one side.The film can be glossy,semi-glossy,or matte andcontain additives modifying its optical properties.The filmusually has a thickness between 1 to 10 mils(25 to 250).2.1.3 low temperature laminationlamination at room tem-perature with applied pressure mostly to mounting board usinga pressure-sensitive adhesive.2.1.4 mounting boardpaperboard,plastic board,or anysupporting board,which could be used to display prints.2.1.5 printed mediarecording elements used by printers toreceive inks or toners.The substrate may be paper,plastic,canvas,fabric,or other ink receptive material.The substratemay,or not,be coated with an ink receptive layer(s).2.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:2.2.1 adhesion strength of a laminateload per unit neces-sary to remove the laminate from a prescribed surface whenmeasured in accordance with this test method.2.2.2 delaminating/debondingseparation of a laminatingfilm from a printed media.2.2.3 kinetic peakload per unit presenting the maximumforce that occurs during the average time during the peel test.See Fig.1.2.2.4 peel or stripping strengththe average load per unitwidth of sample required to separate or peel the laminate fromthe printed media at the adhered interface at a separation angleof approximately 180 and at a separation rate of preferably 12in.(308 mm)per minute.It is expressed in Newtons per meterwidth,grams per inch width,or ounces per inch width.2.2.5 root-mean-square(RMS)a mathematical treatmentof the force data intended to qualify the extent to which thevalue deviates about its average value.2.2.6 static peakload per unit presenting the maximumforce that occurs during the delay time before starting the peeltest.See Fig.1.2.2.7 valleyload per unit presenting minimum force dur-ing the average time under kinetic conditions.See Fig.1.3.Summary of Practice3.1 Coated or uncoated substrate is printed under standardconditions using four primary,three secondary colors andcomposite black.Eight color strips 1 in.(2.54 mm)wide andone unprinted are generated.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F05 on BusinessImaging Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F05.03 onResearch.Current edition approved Oct.1,2009.Published December 2009.Originallyapproved in 2003.Last previous edition approved in 2003 as F2226 03.DOI:10.1520/F2226-03R09E01.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.2 The prints having eight color strips are conditioned(preferably for 24 h)and subsequently laminated.3.3 The laminated prints are conditioned(preferably for 24h),cut into 1 in.(25.4-mm)strips and subsequently delami-nated.3.4 Comparative studies require testing under well-definedconditions.4.Significance and Use4.1 The image life of printed media displayed in bothtypical office and outdoor environm