ASTM_F_1931_-_98_2004.pdf

Designation:F 1931 98(Reapproved 2004)An American National StandardStandard Test Method forCharacterization of Gymnastic Landing Mats and FloorExercise Surfaces1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1931;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the measurement of shockabsorption characteristics and rebound properties of landingmats and floor exercise surfaces used in the sport of gymnas-tics.It defines quantitative parameters for these characteristics.1.2 This test method is performed under laboratory condi-tions and requires use of an impact-testing device.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The inch-pound units given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials,opera-tions,and equipment.This standard does not purport toaddress all of the safety concerns,if any,associated with itsuse.It is the responsibility of the user of this standard toestablish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F 355 Test Method for Shock-Absorbing Properties of Play-ing Surface Systems and MaterialsF 1292 Specification for Impact Attenuation of SurfaceSystems Under and Around Playground Equipment2.2SAE Standards:3SAE J211 Instrumentation for Impact Test3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 acceleration,ninstantaneous time rate of change ofvelocity,which may be positive or negative.3.1.2 base line,nstarting reference height of the mat orfloor exercise surface from which penetration and rebound aremeasured;this is the top surface of the mat in its undeformedstate.3.1.3 depth of penetration,nmaximum deformation oftest specimen at impact of missile that is dropped with apredetermined impact velocity;measurement is the differentialof maximally compressed surface and base line height.3.1.4 floor exercise surface,nstructure generally consist-ing of a deck surface with foam or spring supports and one ormore layers of cushioning material on top,designed for use incompetitive gymnastics floor exercises.3.1.5 impact velocity,nvelocity of the missile as it crossesthe base line on impact.3.1.6 landing mat,nstructure designed for cushioningfalls or landing dismounts,or both,from gymnastic routines.3.1.7 low impact use,nusage of a mat for cushioninglandings that are from heights below the surface of theapparatus and do not involve somersaulting dismounts,forexample,pommel horse mats.3.1.8 mat system,ntwo-mat system such as a base landingmat and a supplemental mat.3.1.9 maximum force,npeak force exerted on the testingmissile by the equipment surface;that is equal to the peakacceleration times the mass of the missile.3.1.10 rebound height,ntheoretical maximum rebounddistance of the missile from the base line of the apparatus afterimpact and under ideal(frictionless)conditions.3.1.11 rebound velocity,nvelocity of the missile as itcrosses the base line on rebound.3.2 Symbols:3.2.1 Faveweighted average of maximum force for a mat;the values for 8 drops on each of four defined points areaveraged,with weighting to simulate dropping on nine points.3.2.2 Gratio of the magnitude of missile accelerationduring impact to the acceleration due to gravity,expressed inthe same units.3.2.3 Gmaxmaximum value of G encountered during im-pact.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on SportsEquipment and Facilities and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F08.12 onGymnastics and Wrestling Equipment.Current edition approved May 1,2004.Published May 2004.Originallyapproved in 1998.Last previous edition approved in 1998 as F 1931 98.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Society of Automotive Engineers(SAE),400 CommonwealthDr.,Warrendale,PA 15096-0001.1Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.3.2.4 Paveweighted average of depth of penetration for amat;the values for eight drops on each of four defined pointsare averaged,with weighting to simulate dropping on ninepoints.3.2.5 Raveweighted average of rebound height for a mat;the values for eight drops on each of four defined points areaveraged,with weighing to simulate dropping on nine points.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 Impact TestA test specimen of mat,mat system,orfloor exercise surface is impacted at a specified velocity with acylindrical missile of specified mass and geometry.The veloc-ity,acceleration,and displacement of the mi