_STP_1521-2012.pdf

www.astm.orgISBN:978-0-8031-7507-5Stock#:STP1521JAI Testing and Use of Environmentally Acceptable LubricantsSTP 1521RheeJournal of ASTM InternationalSelected Technical PapersTesting and Use of Environmentally Acceptable LubricantsSTP 1521In-Sik RheeJAI Guest Editor Journal of ASTM International Selected Technical Papers STP1521Testing and Use of Environmentally Acceptable LubricantsJAI Guest Editor:In-Sik RheeASTM International100 Barr Harbor DrivePO Box C700West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959Printed in the U.S.A.ASTM Stock#:STP1521 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication DataISBN:978-0-8031-7507-5Copyright 2012 ASTM INTERNATIONAL,West Conshohocken,PA.All rights reserved.This material may not be reproduced or copied,in whole or in part,in any printed,mechanical,electronic,fi lm,or other distribution and storage media,without the written consent of the publisher.Journal of ASTM International(JAI)ScopeThe JAI is a multi-disciplinary forum to serve the international scientifi c and engineering community through the timely publication of the results of original research and critical review articles in the physical and life sciences and engineering technologies.These peer-reviewed papers cover diverse topics relevant to the science and research that establish the foundation for standards development within ASTM International.Photocopy RightsAuthorization to photocopy items for internal,personal,or educational classroom use,or the internal,personal,or educational classroom use of specifi c clients,is granted by ASTM International provided that the appropriate fee is paid to ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,P.O.Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,Tel:610-832-9634;online:http:/www.astm.org/copyright.The Society is not responsible,as a body,for the statements and opinions expressed in this publication.ASTM International does not endorse any products represented in this publication.Peer Review PolicyEach paper published in this volume was evaluated by two peer reviewers and at least one editor.The authors addressed all of the reviewers comments to the satisfaction of both the technical editor(s)and the ASTM International Committee on Publications.The quality of the papers in this publication refl ects not only the obvious efforts of the au-thors and the technical editor(s),but also the work of the peer reviewers.In keeping with long-standing publication practices,ASTM International maintains the anonymity of the peer reviewers.The ASTM International Committee on Publications acknowledges with appreciation their dedication and contribution of time and effort on behalf of ASTM International.Citation of PapersWhen citing papers from this publication,the appropriate citation includes the paper authors,“paper title”,J.ASTM Intl.,volume and number,Paper doi,ASTM International,West Conshohocken,PA,Paper,year listed in the footnote of the paper.A citation is provided as a footnote on page one of each paper.Printed in Bay Shore,NYJanuary,2012 ForewordTHIS COMPILATION OF THE JOURNAL OF ASTM INTERNATIONAL(JAI),STP1521,Testing and Use of Environmentally Acceptable Lubricants,contains only the papers published in JAI that were presented at a Symposium on Testing and Use of Environmentally Acceptable Lubricants held during December 6,2010 in Jacksonville,FL,USA.The Symposium was sponsored by ASTM International Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants.The Symposium Chairman and STP Guest Editor is Dr.In-Sik Rhee,U.S.Army TARDEC,Warren,MI,USA.ContentsOverview.viiUSDA Programs to Support Development and Use of Biobased Industrial ProductsC.A.Bailey.1Application of ECLs and Today s LegislationP.Laemmle and P.Rohrbach.7Characteristics of PAG Based Bio-Hydraulic FluidG.Khemchandani and M.R.Greaves.17Polyalkylene Glycols as Next Generation Engine OilsM.Woydt.25Characteristics of Base Fluid in Environmentally Acceptable LubricantsB.Kusak,G.Wright,R.Krol,and M.Bailey.47Compatibility of Vegetable Oil Based Lubricating Greases With Different Mineral Oil Based GreasesA.Kumar,S.Humphreys,and B.Mallory.58Luminescent Bacteria as an Indicator Species for Lubricant Formulation EcotoxicityJ.Sander,T.Smith,and P.Bilberry.75A New Way to Determine the Biodegradability of Lubricants by a Biokinetic ModelI.-S.Rhee.83Thermal Oxidative Stability of Vegetable Oils as Metal Heat Treatment QuenchantsE.Carvalho de Souza,G.Belinato,R.L.Simencio Otero,.C.Ado Simncio,S.C.M.Augustinho,W.Capelupi,C.Conconi,L.C.F.Canale,and G.E.Totten.94Use of Vegetable Oils and Animal Oils as Steel Quenchants:A Historical Review1850-2010R.L.Simencio-Otero,L.C.F.Canale,and G.E.Totten.136 viiOverviewEnvironmental safety and compliance has recently become the most signif-icant worldwide issue.The generation of the potentially hazardous wastes by Petroleum not only cause both short and long term liability with respect to environmental damage,but can result in deteriorated mission perform-ance and high cleanup costs.For the last several decades,there has been a