ASTM_F_495_-_99a_2011.pdf

Designation:F49599a(Reapproved 2011)Standard Test Method forWeight Loss of Gasket Materials Upon Exposure to ElevatedTemperatures1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F495;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of gasketmaterial weight loss upon exposure to elevated temperatures.1.2 This test method may include hazardous materials,operations,and equipment.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Significance and Use2.1 Weight loss represents the amount of combustibles andvolatiles of the material at various temperatures between315C(600F)and 815C(1499F).This procedure should notbe used to determine percent of binder content.3.Apparatus3.1 Muffle Furnace,capable of maintaining a temperaturerange between 315C(600F)and 815C(1499F)with anaccuracy of 65C(9F).3.2 Porcelain Crucible.3.3 Analytical Balance.3.4 Desiccator,containing anhydrous calcium chloride orsilica gel.3.5 Circulating Air Oven,maintained at 100 6 2C(21263.6F).4.Test Specimens4.1 Specimens shall consist of a 5 to 10-g quantity of thematerial.The specimens shall be cut into pieces not larger than12.7 mm(12in.)square to allow all of it to be placed within thecrucible.5.Conditioning5.1 After the specimen has been cut or broken up and placedin the crucible,heat it in the circulating air oven for 1 h at100C(212F)and allow it to cool to 21 to 30C(70 to 86F)in the desiccator.6.Number of Tests6.1 A minimum of three tests shall be run on separatespecimens taken from the same sample with the resultsaveraged,unless otherwise agreed upon between the producerand the user.7.Procedure7.1 Heat a clean crucible for 30 min at the specified testtemperature.Cool to 21 to 30C(70 to 86F)in a desiccator.Weigh the crucible on the analytical balance and record as W1.7.2 Place the cut or broken-up specimen in the crucible andcondition in accordance with 5.1.Weigh the specimen andcrucible and record the weight as W2.7.3 Place the specimen and the crucible in the mufflefurnace at the temperature level determined for this test for 60min(recommend 61 min),cool the specimen and the crucibleto 21 to 30C(70 to 86F)in a desiccator,weigh the specimenand crucible and record the weight as W3.7.3.1 For tests at 815C(1499F)the specimen should beignited initially in the crucible by supporting over a flame in anexhausted hood until the sample has extinguished.NOTE1It is felt that the life of the heater elements in a muffle furnacewill be greatly extended if the majority of the organics in a specimen areburned off prior to placing the crucible in the furnace.8.Calculations8.1 Calculate percent of weight loss as follows:Weight loss,%5W22 W3!W22 W1!31009.Report9.1 Report the following information:9.1.1 Percent of weight loss,and9.1.2 Complete identification of the gasket material tested,including type,source,date of manufacture,thickness,manu-facturers designation,test temperature,etc.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F03 on Gasketsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F03.40 on Chemical Test Methods.Current edition approved May 1,2011.Published July 2011.Originally approvedin 1977.Last previous edition approved in 2004 as F495 99a(2004).DOI:10.1520/F0495-99AR11.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 10.Precision and Bias10.1 The following data should be used for judging theacceptability of results:10.1.1 Reproducibility(Multilaboratory)The coefficientof variation of results(each the average of duplicate determi-nations)obtained by analysis in different laboratories has beenestimated to be 12.4%relative.Two such values should beconsidered suspect(95%confidence)if they differ by morethan 25%relative.11.Keywords11.1 combustibles;elevated temperatures;muffle furnace;volatiles;weight lossASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard.Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights,and the riskof infringement of such rights,are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised,either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited eit