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STP 1407 Turbine Lubrication in the 21 st Century William R.Herguth and Thomas M.Warne,editors ASTM Stock Number:STP1407 ASTM PO Box C700 100 Ban Harbor Drive West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959 Printed in USA Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Turbine lubrication in the 21st century/William R.Herguth and Thomas M.Warne,editors.p.cm.-(STP;1407)ASTM Stock Number:STP 1407,Proceedings of a symposium held June 26,2000,Seattle,Wash.Includes bibliographical references ISBN 0-8031-2885-1 1.Turbines-Lubrication-Congresses.I.Herguth,William R.,1950-II.Warne,Thomas M.,1939-III.ASTM special technical publication;1407.TJ266.T872 2001 621.406-dc21 00-068940 Copyright?9 2001 AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS,West Conshohocken,PA.All rights reserved.This material may not be reproduced or copied,in whole or in part,in any printed,mechanical,electronic,film,or other distribution and storage media,without the written consent of the publisher.Photocopy Rights Authorization to photocopy items for internal,personal,or educational classroom use,or the internal,personal,or educational classroom use of specific clients,is granted by the American Society for Testing and Materials(ASTM)provided that the appropriate fee is paid to the Copyright Clearance Center,222 Rosewood Drive,Danvers,MA 01923;Tel:508-750-8400;online:http:l/L Peer Review Policy Each paper published in this volume was evaluated by two peer reviewers and at least one editor.The authors addressed all of the reviewers comments to the satisfaction of both the technical editor(s)and the ASTM Committee on Publications.To make technical informaUon available as quickly as possible,the peer-reviewed papers in this publication were prepared camera-ready as submitted by the authors.The quality of the papers in this publication reflects not only the obvious efforts of the authors and the technical editor(s),but also the work of the peer reviewers.In keeping with long-standing publication practices,ASTM maintains the anonymity of the peer reviewers.The ASTM Committee on Publications acknowledges with appreciation their dedication and contribution of time and effort on behalf of ASTM.Printed in Baltimore,MD January 2001 Foreword This publication,Turbine Lubrication in the 21 st Century,contains papers presented at the sym-posium of the same name held in Seattle,Washington,on June 26,2000.The symposium was spon-sored by ASTM Committee D-2 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and its Subcommittee D02.C0 on Turbine Oils.The symposium chairman was William R.Herguth,Herguth Laboratories,Inc.,Vallejo,California.The symposium co-chairman was Thomas M.Warne,Chevron G!obal Lubricants,Richmond,California.Contents Overview The Use of a Fire-Resistant Turbine Lubricant:Europe Looks to the Future-W.DAVID PHILLIPS Advanced High-Temperature Air Force Turbine Engine Oil Program LOIS J.GSCHWENDER,LYNNE NELSON,CARL E.SNYDER,JR.,GEORGE W.FULTZ,AND COSTY S.SABA The Evolution of Base Oil Technology-DAWD C.KRAMER,BRENT K.LOK,AND RUSS R.KRUG Turbine Oil Quality and Field Application Requirements-STEWN T.SWIFT,K.DAVID BUTLER,AND WERNER DEWALD Performance Advantages of Turbine Oils Formulated with Group H and Group HI Basestocks-DOUGLAS J.IRVINE Improved Response of Turbine Oils Based on Group H Hydrocracked Base Oils Compared with Those Based on Solvent Refined Base Oils-BRUCE P.SCHWAGER,BRYANT J.HARDY,AND GASTON A.AGUILAR Performance Advantages of Turbine Oils Formulated with Group II Base Oils-MARK E.OKAZAKI AND SUSAN E.MILITANTE vii 17 25 39 53 71 79 Antioxidant Analysis for Monitoring Remaining Useful Life of Turbine Fluids-JO AMEYE AND ROBERT E.KAUFFMAN 86 Overview This publication summarizes the presentations delivered at the Symposium on Turbine Lubrication in the 21 st Century,held in Seattle,Washington on June 26,2000.The symposium was sponsored by ASTM Committee D-2 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and its Subcommittee D02.C0 on Turbine Oils.In the final years of the 20th Century,the lubrication requirements of turbines used for power gen-eration increased significantly.In response,two trends emerged.One was the production of more sta-ble lubricants;the second was the development of improved techniques for monitoring the condition and suitability for use of turbine lubricants.For some applications,users have turned to synthetic,non-hydrocarbon fluids,such as polycar-boxylic acid esters and phosphate esters.Two of the presentations describe current and future direc-tions for some of these fluids.Phillips describes current and future applications of Fire-Resistant Turbine Lubricants,with particular emphasis on European actions to improve the safety of turbine operation.Gschwender,Snyder,Nelson,Carswell,Fultz and Saba address the special case of aircraft turbine engine lubrication and the evolution of new military specifications for Advanced High-Temperature Turbine Engine Oils.Conventional mineral oil lubricants,produced by solvent extraction and dewaxing of heavy petro