_STP_1379-2000.pdf

STP 1379 Grips,Clamps,Clamping Techniques,and Strain Measurement for Testing of Geosynthetics Peter E.Stevenson,editor ASTM Stock Number:STP1379 ASTM 100 Barr Harbor Drive West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959 Printed in the U.S.A.Library of Congress Cataloging-In-Publication Data Grips,clamps,clamping techniques,and strain measurement for testing of geosynthetics/Peter E.Stevenson editor p.cm.-(STP;1379)ASTM Stock Number:STP1379.Papers presented at a symposium held January 28,1999,Memphis,Tenn.,sponsored by ASTM Committee D-35 on Geosynthetics.Includes bibliographical references.ISBN 0-8031-2854-1 1.Geosynthetics-Testing I.Stevenson,Peter E.,1940-il.ASTM Committee D-35 on Geosynthetics.II1.ASTM special technical publication;1379.TA455.G44 G754 1999 624.1 8923-dc21 99-058001 Copyright?9 2000 AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS,West Conshohocken,PA.All rights reserved.This material may not be reproduced or copied,in whole or in part,in any printed,mechanical,electronic,film,or other distribution and storage media,without the written consent of the publisher.Photocopy Rights Authorization to photocopy items for internal,personal,or educational classroom use,or the internal,personal,or educational classroom use of specific clients,is granted by the American Society for Testing and Materials(ASTM)provided that the appropriate fee is paid to the Copyright Clearance Center,222 Rosewood Drive,Danvers,MA 01923;Tel:508-750-8400;on-line:http:/ Review Policy Each paper published in this volume was evaluated by two peer reviewers and at least one editor.The authors addressed all of the reviewers comments to the satisfaction of both the technical editor(s)and the ASTM Committee on Publications.To make technical information available as quickly as possible,the peer-reviewed papers in this pub-lication were prepared camera-ready as submitted by the authors.The quality of the papers in this publication reflects not only the obvious efforts of the authors and the technical editor(s),but also the work of the peer reviewers.In keeping with long-standing publication practices,ASTM maintains the anonymity of the peer reviewers.The ASTM Committee on Publications acknowledges with appreciation their dedication and contribution of time and effort on behalf of ASTM.Printed in Philadelphia,PA January 2000 Foreword This publication,Grips,Clamps,Clamping Techniques,and Strain Measurement for Testing of Geosynthetics,contains papers presented at the symposium of the same name held in Memphis,Tennessee,on 28 January 1999.The symposium was sponsored by ASTM Committee D35 on Geosynthetics.The symposium chairman was Peter E.Stevenson,Stevenson and Associates and the co-chairman was Sam R.Allen,TRl/Environmental.CONTENTS Overview GRIPS,CLAMPS,AND CLAMPING TECHNIQUES Geosynthetic Stress-Strain Curves:Practical Features and Observations-i.D.PEGGS Wide-Width Geomembrane Testing-.R.KOERNER Tensile Strength and Clamping of Geogrids-J.MOLLER-ROCHHOLZ AND C.RECKER Effect of Gage Length and Test Speed on the Measured Tensile Properties of Geosynthetic Reinforcements-A.D.KELKAR,P.E.STEVENSON,T.R.SKOCHDOPOLE,AND S.N.YARMOLENKO Effect of Gripping Technique on Tensile,Tensile Creep and Tensile Creep-Rupture Results for a High Tenacity Polyester Yarn-J.s.THORNTON,S.R.ALLEN,AND S.L.ARNETr Comparative Study of Roller and Wedge Grips for Tensile Testing of High Strength Fabrics with Laser Extensometry:Comparisons to LVDT and Crosshead Extension-T.R.SKOCHDOPOLE,L.CASSADY,D.PIHS,AND P.E.STEVENSON STRAIN MEASUREMENT Wide-Width Geotextile Testing with Video Extensometry-D.JONES Effect of Clamping Mechanism on Pullout and Confined Extension Tests-K.FARRAG AND M.MORVANT Strain Gauging Geotextiles Using External Gauge Attachment Method-s.H.CHEW,W.K WONG,C.C.NG,S.A.TAN,AND G.P.KARUNARATNE GRIPPING AND STRAIN MEASUREMENT IN GEOTECHNICAL TESTS Wide-Width Strength Test for Nonwoven Geotextiles Without Using Grips-C.ELVIDGE AND G.RAYMOND The Influence Factors Study for Geogrid Pullout Test-D.T.T.CHANG,F.C.CHANG,G.S.YANG,AND C.Y.YAN Good Laboratory Practice in the Creep Testing of Geosynthetics-j.GREENWOOD AND J.M.PALMER vii 003 018 028 037 047 068 083 089 097 113 129 143 Overview For me,the work reported in this publication began with confusing test results.The first purpose of the research reported here is to provide the reader with the tools to understand the problems and techniques in testing and reporting data for strong reinforcement products.The second purpose of the work is to point the way to a repeatable and reproducible test methodology for those strong products.The tests in question were performed on the first edition of prototype high-strength geotextiles and the results were quite different than those expected.The lab was highly skilled,managed by the me-chanical engineering department of a local university,routinely employed by the aerospace industry,and comfortable with high-strength,high-modulus materials.The problem was elongation.Test re-sults of 20