ASTM_F_2732_-_11.pdf

Designation:F273211Standard Practice forDetermining the Temperature Ratings for Cold WeatherProtective Clothing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2732;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONManufacturers of cold weather protective clothing want consumers to be thermally comfortablewhen wearing their products.Therefore,they want to indicate the amount of warmth(that is,insulation)their products will provide to consumers at the point of sale.This is often expressed as atemperature rating on product labels and in product descriptions in catalogs.A temperature rating iscommonly understood to mean the lowest air temperature at which the average adult person will havean acceptable level of thermal comfort when wearing the product.Although it is not always stated onlabels or in catalogs,manufacturers are assuming that consumers will wear the appropriate amount ofclothing with the cold weather garments.Heated manikins can be used to measure the thermal resistance(insulation)and evaporativeresistance of clothing ensembles in accordance with Test Methods F1291 and F2370,respectively.Thethermal insulation value of a cold weather protective ensemble can be used in heat loss models toestimate the thermal comfort of people in cold environments.This approach has already been used forsleeping bags(see EN 13537).1.Scope1.1 This standard practice covers the determination of thetemperature rating of cold weather protective clothing en-sembles.It involves measuring the insulation value of aclothing ensemble with a heated manikin in accordance withTest Method F1291 and using a heat loss model to predict thelowest environmental temperature for comfort.1.2 The predictive model used in this standard estimates theevaporative heat loss from a person wearing cold weatherclothing as opposed to measuring the evaporative resistance ona sweating manikin.If a person is active and gets overheated ina cold environment,he/she can adjust the garments in order todissipate excess heat.1.3 The temperature ratings estimated by this standardpractice are guidelines for thermal comfort that are designed toprotect people from hypothermia when wearing cold weatherprotective garments.However,localized cooling,discomfort,and even frostbite could still occur at extremely low tempera-tures because clothing insulation is not evenly distributed overthe body surface.In addition,some body parts(for example,ears,fingers,toes)have a high surface area relative to theirmass,and consequently lose heat at a faster rate than otherparts of the body.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F1291 Test Method for Measuring the Thermal Insulation ofClothing Using a Heated ManikinF2370 Test Method for Measuring the Evaporative Resis-tance of Clothing Using a Sweating Manikin2.2 Other Standards:3EN 13537 Requirements for Sleeping BagsANSI/ASHRAE 55-2004 Thermal Environmental Condi-tions for Human Occupancy1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F23 on PersonalProtective Clothing and Equipment and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeF23.60 on Human Factors.Current edition approved June 1,2011.Published June 2011.Originallyapproved in 2009.Last previous edition approved in 2009 as F2732-09.DOI:10.1520/F2732-11.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036,http:/www.ansi.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 clo,na unit of thermal resistance(insulation)equalto 0.155 K-m2/W.3.1.1.1 DiscussionThe value of the clo was selected asroughly the insulation value of typical indoor clothing,whichshould keep a resting man(producing heat at the rate of 58W/m2)comfortable in an environment at 21C,air movement0.1 m/s.3.1.2 clothing ensemble,na group of garments worntogether on the body at the same time.3.1.3 temperature rating,nthe lowest environmental tem-perature at which a person can remain thermally neutral whilewearing a particular clothing ensemble.3.1.4 thermal comfort,nthat condition of mind whichexpresses satisfaction with the thermal environment and isassessed by subjective evaluation(see ANSI/ASHRAE 55