ASTM_F_875_-_09.pdf

Designation:F87509Standard Test Method forEvaluation of Large Area Density and Background on OfficeCopiers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F875;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the description and method ofuse for a density and background test target for office copierimage evaluation.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specificprecautionary statements,see Section 8.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E1347 Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Mea-surement by Tristimulus ColorimetryF335 Terminology Relating to Electrostatic ImagingF360 Practice for Image Evaluation of Electrostatic BusinessCopies2.2 ANSI Standards:PH 2.17 Density measurementsGeometric conditions forreflection density3PH 2.18 Density measurementsSpectral conditions33.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this testmethod,refer to Terminology F335.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The standard test target is used to evaluate copy densityand background.The method of image evaluation using thistest target is given.5.Significance and Use5.1 The copy image quality is affected by many factors;including the copier,supplies,and environmental conditions.The density and background image quality is particularlysignificant relative to aesthetic appearance,the visual impres-sion of blackness,and the ability to distinguish informationfrom background.5.2 The test target may also be used to evaluate the copier orsupplies.6.Apparatus6.1 Reflection Densitometer,meeting the requirements ofANSI PH 1.17 and PH 1.18,capable of measuring the smallestsolid circle(of the test target)which has a diameter of 6 mm.6.2 Reflectometer,meeting the requirements of Test MethodE1347.7.Materials7.1 Test Target,for the evaluation of density and back-ground image quality.It shall have the same configuration andlayout as shown in Fig.1.8.Precautions8.1 This test target can be used to measure density andbackgroundfordifferentcopierconditions(machineadjustment,machine configuration,supplies,environment,etc.).Careful notation of these conditions should be made sothat comparison tests can be made.8.2 The color and type of copy paper used will affect thedensity and background measurements.8.3 The method of fixing(fusing)of the image on the copymay affect the degree of gloss and may affect the differencebetween the perceived density and measured reflective density.9.Procedure9.1 Using the test target in 7.1,establish a procedure(Practice F360)for producing copies in a controlled manner.Evaluate the copy system at the site of its proposed installationunder the line voltage conditions which normally apply.Read,understand,and follow the manufacturers instructions onoperation of the copier.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F05 on BusinessImaging Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F05.04 onElectrostatic Imaging Products.Current edition approved Oct.1,2009.Published October 2009.Originallyapproved in 1984.Last previous edition approved in 2009 as F875 94(2009).DOI:10.1520/F0875-09.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036,http:/www.ansi.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 9.1.1 Load supplies into the copier.Follow manufacturersdirections for adjustments of various controls.9.1.2 Turn on the copier.9.1.3 Set exposure control,if one is provided,to either endof the exposure range.9.1.4 Using test target,make a copy.Note exposure setting,if copier has an exposure control,and date on copy,as well asinformation concerning temperature and relative humidity.9.1.5 Vary exposure control,if one is provided,and makecopies at various settings.Note setting,date,temperature andrelative humidity on each copy.If an exposure control isprovided,it must always be varied from the same direction.9.1.6 Visually determine optimum setting of any controls,that is the one yielding the best copy,in your opinion.9.1.7 At the optimum setting,make the number of copiesthat would constitute a normal length of run.This will allowcomparison of copy uniformity.The test target should beplaced or fed into the copier in the same orientatio