SteelForgings:Design,Production,Selection,Testing,andApplicationEdwardG.NisbettASTMStockNo.MNL53INTERNATIONALStandardsWorldwideASTMInternational100BarrHarborDrivePOBoxC700WestConshohocken,PA19428-2959USAPrintedinU.S.A.LibraryofCongressLibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataNisbett,EdwardG.Steelforgings:design,production,selection,testing,andapplication/EdwardG.Nisbett.p.cm."ASTMStockNo.MNL53.*ISBN0-8031-3369-31.Steelforgings.I.Title.TS320.N592005672--dc222005020481Copyright©2005ASTMInternational,WestConshohocken,PA.Allrightsreserved.Thismaterialmaynotbereproducedorcopied,inwholeorinpart,inanyprinted,mechanical,electronic,film,orotherdistributionandstoragemedia,withoutthewrittenconsentofthepublisher.PhotocopyRightsAuthorizationtophotocopyitemsforinternal,personal,oreduca-tionalclassroomuse,ortheinternal,personal,oreducationalclassroomuseofspecificclients,isgrantedbyASTMInternationalprovidedthattheappropriatefeeispaidtotheCopyrightClearanceCenter,222Rose-woodDrive,Danvers,MA01923;Tel:978-750-8400;online:http:llwww.copyright.com/.TheSocietyisnotresponsible,asabody,forthestatementsandopin-ionsexpressedinthispublication.PrintedinBridgeport,NJSeptember2005ForewordTHISPUBLICATION,SteelForgings:Design,Production,Se/ec-teeA01onSteel,StainlessSteelandRelatedAlloys.Theauthortion,Testing,andApplication,wassponsoredbyASTMCommit-isEdwardG.Nisbett.ContentsChapter1:Chapter2:Chapter3:Chapter4:Chapter5:Chapter6:Chapter7:Chapter8:Chapter9:Introduction:WhySteelForgings?...................................................1WhyUseForgings?....................................................................5SteelPlate...................................................................................5HotRolledBar................................................................................5SteelCastings................................................................................5SteelForgings................................................................................6Effe...