ASTM_F_818_-_93_2009.pdf

Designation:F81893(Reapproved 2009)Standard Terminology Relating toSpill Response Barriers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F818;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This document defines the terminology used in the fieldof spill response barriers.Only those terms commonly used orpeculiar to this field have been included;no attempt has beenmade to list all terms used.Where a second term is in commonuse,“aka”is used to mean“also known as.”1.2 Design,engineering,and performance terms are listedseparately:barrier design terminology(3.1),barrier engineer-ing terminology(3.2),and barrier performance terminology(3.3).2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F625 Practice for Classifying Water Bodies for Spill ControlSystems3.Terminology3.1 Barrier Design TerminologyTerms associated withSpill Response Barrier Design:Generalboomfloating mechanical barrier used to control the move-ment of substances that float.boom section length of boom between two end connectors.boom segment repetitive identical portion of the boomsection.Typesair bubble barrierspecial-purpose barrier created by risingstream of air bubbles and entrained water,produced byinjecting air at some depth below water surface.bottom-tension boomboom with tension member locatedalong the bottom of the skirt.calm water boom boom intended for use in calm waters(see Practice F625 for environmental descripters).“curtain type”boomboom consisting of a flexible skirtsupported by flotation.“fence type”boomboom consisting of a self-supporting orstiffened membrane supported by flotation.fire resistant boom(aka fire containment boom)boomintended for containment of burning oil slicks.ice boomboom intended for use in ice-infested waters,designed to withstand effects of ice contact.inflatable boom boom that uses inflated gas-filled chambersas the boomspecial purpose boom in which all or part of themembrane material is netting.open water boom boom intended for use in open waters(see Practice F625 for environmental descripters).permanent boom boom intended for long-term or perma-nent deployment.plunging water jet barrierspecial purpose barrier createdby a series of coherent streams of water directed verticallydownward into a body of water.protected water boomboom intended for use in protectedwaters with moderate environmental conditions(see PracticeF625 for environmental descripters).river boom(aka fast water boom)boom intended for use incurrents greater than 1 knot.shore seal boom boom that,when grounded,seals againstthe shoreline.silt barrier boom with very deep skirt used to control themovement of suspended sediments.sorbent boom sorbent material contained or arranged in theform of a long cylinder.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 onHazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee F20.11 on Control.Current edition approved April 1,2009.Published April 2009.Originallyapproved in 1984.Last previous edition approved in 2003 as F818 93(2003).DOI:10.1520/F0818-93R09.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 special purpose boomboom that departs from the generalcharacteristics of“fence type”and“curtain type”booms,either in design or intended use.submersible boom boom that normally resides on theseabed and is positioned by inflating with air,causing it torise to the water surface.water jet barrier barrier created by stream of pressurizedwater spray directed across the water surface.weir boom(aka skimming boom/barrier)boom that has aweir skimming device(s)built into its face.Componentsaccessoriesoptional mechanical devices used on or in con-junction with a boom system but not included with the basicboom and end connector;for example,lights,paravanes,drogues,buoys,anchor systems,storage bags,boxes or reels,bulkhead connectors or repair kits,and so forth.anchor point structural point on the end connector or alongthe length of a boom section designed for the attachment ofanchor or mooring lines.ancillary equipmentmechanical devices essential to theoperation of a given boom system;for example,air pumps,hydraulic power supplies,control manifolds,and so forth.ballastweight applied to the skirt to improve boom perfor-mance.bridledevice attached to a boom to distribute the loadexerted by towing or anchoring the boom.buoyancy chamber(aka flotation chamber)enclosed com-partment of air or other buoyant material providing flotationfor the bo