ASTM_F_472_-_11.pdf

Designation:F47211Standard Terminology forGeometry of Alpine Skis1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F472;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This terminology covers the terms required to describethe geometry ofAlpine skis and does not cover special purposeskis.1.2 The terms are presented in a sequence considered to bethe most logical,with definitions presented later calling uponthose presented earlier.2.Significance and Use2.1 A standard set of definitions is needed to allowmanufacturers,consumers,retailers,and scientists to use acommon language in describing Alpine skis.3.Definitions(Refer to Figs.1 and 2)ski tail,Tthe extreme rear edge of the ski.ski tip,Sthe extreme forward point or edge of the ski.ski sizesee the following:developed length,LNbottom contour length as measuredfrom the ski tip to the ski tail,commonly called the materiallength.chord length,LTSstraight line distance measured betweenthe ski tail and ski tip with the ski pressed against a planesurface.DISCUSSIONEither method at the manufacturers discretion may beused to indicate nominal ski length or ski size when rounded tocommon increment.projected length,LPlength of the projection of the ski,measured between the ski tip and the ski tail parallel to theski body pressed against a plane surface.tail turn-up length,lTthe projected length of the tailturn-up,measured from the ski tail to the contact point wherea 0.5-mm feeler gauge intersects the running surface with theski body pressed against a plane surface.shovel length,lSthe projected length of the forward turn-up,measured from the tip to the contact point where a 0.5-mmfeeler gauge intersects the running surface with the ski bodypressed against a plane surface.contact length,lCthe difference between the projectedlength,LPand the sum of lTplus lSor lC=LP(lT+lS).tail height,hTthe height of the underside of the tail from aplane surface with the center of the ski body pressed againstthat surface.tip height,hSthe height of the underside of the tip from aplane surface with the center of the ski body pressed againstthat surface.thickness,tthickness,measured perpendicular to the runningsurface.XAindicates the location of thickness measurementfrom the tail of the ski.width,btotal distance measured perpendicular to the centerline on the running surface.Xbindicates the location of skiwidth from the tail of the ski.heel,bHthe widest part of the ski in the tail section of the ski.waist,bMthe narrowest point of the ski body between theheel and shoulder.shoulder,bVthe widest point,of the ski in the shovel sectionof the ski.XbH,XbM,XbVthe x coordinates for the location of theserespective widths of the ski measured from the tail of the ski.contact surface areathe product of the average width timesthe contact length expressed quantitatively as follows:AC5FbH12 bM1bV!4GlC#(1)tail surface areathat surface from the tail contact point aft.The tail contact point is located lTfrom the tail.shovel surface areathat surface forward of the shovelcontact point.The shovel contact point is located at lSfromthe tip.running surfacethe entire bottom surface of the ski bor-dered by the side geometry.side geometrythe configuration of the curve bordering therunning surface and defined by the bottom edge.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F27 on SnowSkiing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F27.30 on Skis and Boots.Current edition approved July 15,2011.Published August 2011.Originallyapproved in 1976.Last previous edition approved in 2006 as F472 92(2006).DOI:10.1520/F0472-11.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 side cutthat line describing the curved portion of the skicontour limited by the lines at the bHand bVdimensions,anddefined by the bottom edge.side camber,Wthe maximum distance from a line drawnbetween the widest points of the ski and the sidecut of theski.ski body centerpoint O,which is located at a distance oflC/2+lTfrom the tail of the ski.ski forebodythat portion forward of point O,a distance oflC/2.ski afterbodythat portion of the ski aft of point O,a distanceof lC/2.ski bodythat portion of the ski within the dimensions of lC.taper,Vhalf of the difference between bVand bHor(bV bH)/2.camber height,hdistance between the running surface ofthe ski and a plane surface,measured with the ski restingfreely under its own mass.Xhindicates the location ofcamber height from the tail of the ski.weighted bottom camber,hBthe maximum height of therunning surface measured from a plane horizontal surface,with the ski held in a plane horizontal orientation and thussubject to deflection due to its weight under the influence ofthe ski weight.Xh