ASTM_F_2895_-_15.pdf

Designation:F289515Standard Practice forDigital Radiography of Cast Metallic Implants1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2895;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This practice covers the procedure for digital radio-graphic testing of cast metallic surgical implants and relatedweldments.1.2 Digital X-ray is an alternative method for radiographyof cast metallic surgical implants and related weldments(seePractice F629).1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3E94 Guide for Radiographic ExaminationE192 Reference Radiographs of Investment Steel Castingsfor Aerospace ApplicationsE746 Practice for Determining Relative Image Quality Re-sponse of Industrial Radiographic Imaging SystemsE1030 Test Method for Radiographic Examination of Me-tallic CastingsE1316 Terminology for Nondestructive ExaminationsE1742 Practice for Radiographic ExaminationE2007 Guide for Computed RadiographyE2033 Practice for Computed Radiology(PhotostimulableLuminescence Method)E2660 Digital Reference Images for Investment Steel Cast-ings for Aerospace ApplicationsE2669 Digital Reference Images for Titanium CastingsF629 Practice for Radiography of Cast Metallic SurgicalImplants2.2 ASNT Standard:ASNTTC1A Personnel Qualification and Certification inNondestructive Testing43.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor additional terminology,consult Termi-nology E1316.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 contrast,ndifference in gray scale level between anarea and its immediate surroundings as presented on the finaldigital radiographic image.3.2.2 digital image,nimage composed of discrete pixelsof digital brightness values.3.2.3 digital image contrast,nrange of gray scale valuesin an image in which a high contrast indicates that the imagecontains largely black-and-white brightness values with a widerange of gray shades.3.2.4 electronic imaging,vmeans of converting the imagestored on the imaging plate or detector into a standard videooutput format.3.2.5 electronic imaging system,nsystem that takes datafrom a storage imaging plate or detector and converts it into astandard analog or digital electronic signal.3.2.6 filters,nsheets of copper or other material placed inthe radiation beam either at the X-ray tube or between thespecimen and the detector to improve the quality by selectivelyremoving low-energy radiation from the radiation beam andabsorbing scattered radiation.3.2.7 gray scale,nnumeric values representing displaybrightness.3.2.8 gray scale range,nrange of numeric values repre-senting the brightest and darkest portion of the image display.3.2.9 image display parameters,nall variables necessaryto standardize the video image.1This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F04 on Medical andSurgical Materials and Devices and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeF04.12 on Metallurgical Materials.Current edition approved May 15,2015.Published June 2015.Originallyapproved in 2010.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as F2895 10.DOI:10.1520/F2895-15.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from the American Society for Nondestructive Testing,Inc.,PO Box28518,Columbus,OH 43228-0518,http:/www.asnt.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.2.9.1 DiscussionThese include,but are not limited to,brightness,contrast,and linearity.3.2.10 image processing,velectronic enhancement of theraw image signal to improve fine-detail detectability in the testobject and achieve required sensitivity.3.2.10.1 DiscussionThese include,but are not limited to,techniques such as noise reduction,contrast enhancement,andspatial filtering.3.2.11 image quality level,nability of the inspectionsystem to demonstrate a specific relative image quality indica-tor(RIQI)sensitivity.3.2.12 imaging plate,IP,nradiation sensitive detector thatis capable of detecting and s