ASTM_F_3251_-_17.pdf

Designation:F325117Standard Test Method forLaboratory Oil Spill Dispersant Effectiveness Using theBaffled Flask1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3251;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the procedure to determine theeffectiveness of oil spill dispersants on various oils in thelaboratory.This test method is not applicable to other chemicalagents nor to the use of such products or dispersants in openwaters.1.2 This test method covers the use of the Baffled Flask testapparatus and does not cover other apparatuses nor are theanalytical procedures described in this report directly appli-cable to such procedures.1.3 The test results obtained using this test method areintended to provide baseline effectiveness values used tocompare dispersants and oil types under conditions analogousto those used in the test.1.4 The test results obtained using this test method areeffectiveness values that should be cited as test values derivedfrom this standard test.Dispersant effectiveness values do notdirectly relate to effectiveness at sea or in other apparatuses.Actual effectiveness at sea is dependent on sea energy,oil state,temperature,salinity,actual dispersant dosage,and amount ofdispersant that interacts with the oil.1.5 The decision to use or not use a dispersant on an oilshould not be based solely on this or any other laboratory testmethod.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F2059 Test Method for Laboratory Oil Spill DispersantEffectiveness Using the Swirling Flask2.2 EPA Standard:3SW-846 Method 8270D,Revision 4 Semivolatile OrganicCompounds by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry(GC/MS)3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 effectiveness,nthe capability of producing a desiredresult which is this case is the dispersion of oil into water.3.1.1.1 DiscussionEffectiveness is given here as the per-cent of oil dispersed into the water column as a result ofdispersant action and energy.3.1.2 trypsinizing,nthe process of cell dissociation usingtrypsin,an enzyme which breaks down proteins,to dissociateadherent cells from the vessel in which they are being cultured.3.1.2.1 DiscussionThis test method uses only the vesseldesigned for that process(with the addition of a withdrawaltube).4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The dispersant is pre-mixed with oil and placed on waterin a test vessel.The test vessel is agitated on a moving tableshaker.At the end of the shaking period,a settling period isspecified and then a sample of water taken.The oil in the watercolumn is extracted from the water using a dichloromethanesolvent and analyzed using gas chromatography.4.2 The extract is analyzed for oil using a gas chromato-graph equipped with a flame ionization detector(GC-FID).Quantification is by means of the internal standard method.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 onHazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee F20.13 on Treatment.Current edition approved April 15,2017.Published May 2017.DOI:10.1520/F3251-172For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from United States Environmental ProtectionAgency(EPA),WilliamJefferson Clinton Bldg.,1200 Pennsylvania Ave.,NW,Washington,DC 20460,http:/www.epa.gov;https:/www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-12/documents/8270d.pdfCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 Effectiveness values are derived by comparison with a cali-brated set of effectiveness values obtained at the same time andby the same method.5.Significance and Use5.1 A standard test is necessar