ASTM_F_3028_-_13.pdf

Designation:F302813Standard Guide forTraining of Search and Rescue Personnel Operating in theAlpine Environment(Alpine Endorsement)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3028;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide establishes the minimum training,includinggeneral and field knowledge,skills,and abilities,for search andrescue personnel who conduct operations in an alpine environ-ment.1.2 An Alpine Endorsement is intended only for thoseindividuals capable of operating in the extreme conditions ofthe alpine environment,at altitudes that are likely to have anegative impact on human physiology.1.2.1 Specifically,Alpine Endorsed individuals may,underqualified supervision,perform their normal duties safely andeffectively in an alpine environment.1.2.2 In addition,Alpine Endorsed individuals may,underqualified supervision,perform their normal duties safely andeffectively in mountainous terrain alone.1.3 An Alpine Endorsement alone is not sufficient to indi-cate that an individual has the knowledge,skills,and/orabilities to perform any specific duties,including search andrescue operations,other than those defined in this guide.1.4 This guide alone does not provide the minimum trainingrequirements for performing operations in partially or fullycollapsed structures,in-or on-water,in confined spaces,orunderground(such as in caves,mines,and tunnels).1.5 Type I-IV teams(as defined in F1993)which may utilizepersonnel trained to this guide are KindA(wilderness),Kind B(urban),and Kind C(mountainous),Kind D(disaster/collapse),Kind E(inland water),Kind G(cave),Kind H(mine),Kind I(avalanche),Kind J(evidence/cadaver),Kind K(aircraft),and/or Kind L(unclassified).1.6 Alpine Endorsed SAR personnel must work underqualified supervision as deemed appropriate by the AuthorityHaving Jurisdiction(AHJ).1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F1773 Terminology Relating to Climbing,Mountaineering,Search and Rescue Equipment and PracticesF1993 Classification System of Human Search and RescueResourcesF2209 Guide for Training of Level I Land Search TeamMemberF2752 Guide for Training for Level I Rope Rescue(R1)Rescuer Endorsement2.2 Other References:National Wildfire Coordinating Group(NWCG)publicationPMS 304-2,“Fitness and Work Capacity”“Mountaineering:The Freedom of the Hills,”8th ed.3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 aid climbing,na style of climbing in which theperson ascending moves upward by means of fixed ladders,gear,or ropes.3.1.2 alpine environment,nmountainous terrain,typicallyabove tree line,where the ability to negotiate routes rated Class253is required and where travel is affected by any combina-tion of altitude,extreme weather,extensive exposure to snow/ice obstacles,avalanche risk,and crevasses.In general,thealpine environment includes all mountainous terrain above3,500 meters.3.1.3 alpine ice axe,nas defined by the UIAA(UnionInternationale Des Associations DAlpinisme),a Type B icetool(the UIAA Basic type)with lower strength,for use ingeneral circumstances,as on glacier for snow hiking,for ski1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F32 on Searchand Rescue and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F32.03 on Personnel,Training and Education.Current edition approved Sept.1,2013.Published October 2013.DOI:10.1520/F3028-13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Classification per Yosemite Decimal System in Ronald C.Eng and Julie VanPelt,eds.,Mountaineering:The Freedom of the Hills,8th ed.(Seattle,WA:Mountaineers Books,2010),p.564.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 mountaineering,etc.,and which meets the requirements ofUIAA 152 or CE EN 13089:2011.3.1.4 exposure,nthe degree to which a person is exposedon a high,sheer,and unsheltered rock face.3.1.5 mountainous terrain,na tract of land characterizedby steep slopes and great variations in elevation,where theability to negotiate routes rated Class 244,and occasionallyClass 55,is required,and where travel is limited by steep tovertical rock,steep forested or brush-covered terrain,talusslopes,boulder fields,and occasional snow and/or ice ob-stacles.3.1.6 qualified supervisor,nan individual with de