_STP_338-1963.pdf

SYMPOSIUM ON FATIGUE TESTS OF AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES:LOW-CYCLE,FULL-SCALE,AND HELICOPTERS Presented at the FOURTH PACIFIC AREA NATIONAL MEETING AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS Los Angeles,Calif.,Oct 1-3,1962 Reg.U.S.Pat.Off.ASTM Special Technical Publication No.jj8 Price$10.50;to Member.s$7,35 Published by the AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS 1916 Race St.,Philadelphia 3,Pa.BY AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS 1963 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number:63-15793 Printed in Baltimore,Md.September,1963 F O R E W O R D The papers in this Symposium on Fatigue of Aircraft Structures were presented during four sessions held on October 1-3,1962,at the Fourth Pacific Area National Meeting of the Society,Los Angeles,Calif.The symposium,sponsored by Committee E-9 on Fatigue,was organized into three broad categories.The first section on Low-Cycle Fatigue was organized by Ivan Rattinger of Aerospace Corp.The second group of papers dealing with Helicopter Fatigue Problems was organized by M.J.McGuigan,Jr.,of Bell Helicopter Corp.The final section of this symposium,on Problems in Design and Evaluations of Full-Scale Structures,was presented under the leadership of M.S.Rosenfeld of the Navy Air Material Center.The over-all chairman of the symposium program was H.F.Hardrath,National Aeronautics and Space Administration.A transcript of the panel discussion on low-cycle fatigue held during this symposium was supplied by Ivan Rattinger.Presiding oflScers of the sessions were R.E.Peterson,Westinghouse Electric Corp.;F.B.Stulen,Curtiss-Wright Corp.;H.J.(rover,Battelle Memorial Inst.;and T.J.Dolan,Lniversity of Illinois.Acting as session chairmen were Messrs.McGuigan,Hardrath,Rattinger,and Rosenfeld.NOTE.The Society is not responsible,as a body,for the statements and opinions advanced in this publication.CONTENTS IntroductionH.F.Hardrath 1 Low-Cycle Fatigue Low-Cycle Axial Fatigue Behavior of Mild SteelJ.T.P.Yao and W.H.Munse.5 The Effect of Mean Stress on Fatigue Strength of Plain and Notched Stainless Steel Sheet in the Range from 10 to 10 CjxlesW.J.Bell and P.P.Benham 25 Low-Cycle Fatigue of Characteristics of Ultrahigh-Strength SteelsC,M.Carman,D.F.Armiento,and H.Markus 47 Low-Cycle Fatigue of Ti-6A1-4V at-423 FR.R.Hilsen,C.S.Yen,and B.V.Whiteson 62 Low-Cycle Fatigue Properties of Complex Velded Joints of High Strength 301,304L,310,and AM-355 Stainless Steel Sheet Materials at Cyrogenic Tem-peraturesJ.L.Christian,A.Hurlich,and J.F.Watson 76 Effect of Stress State on High-Temperature Low-Cycle FatigueC.R.Kennedy.92 Panel Discussion of Low-Cycle Fatigue 107 Helicopter Fatigue Empirical xnalysis of Fatigue Strength of Pin-Loaded Lug JointsA.A.Mitten-bergs.131 Statistical Evaluation of a Limited Number of Fatigue Test Specimens Including a Factor of Safety ApproachCarl Albrecht 150 Helicopter Fatigue Substantiation Procedures for Civil AircraftJ.E.Dougherty and H.C.Spicer,Jr 167 Design and Evaluations of Full-Scale Structures An Aluminum Sandwich Panel Test Under Mach-2.4 Cruise ConditionsW.D.Buntin and T.S.Love 179 Estimation of the Fatigue Performance of.-Aircraft StructuresJ.Schijve 192 Discussion 214 Aircraft Structural Fatigue Research in the NavyM.S.Rosenfeld 216 Discussion 238 Small Specimen Data for Predicting Life of Full-Scale StructuresC.R.Smith.241 Programmed Maneuver-Spectrum Fatigue Tests of Aircraft Beams Specimens Leonard Mordfin and Nixon Halsey 251 Discussion 274 STP338-EB/Sep.1963 SYMPOSIUM ON FATIGUE TESTS OF AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES:LOW-CYCLE,FULL-SCALE,AND HELICOPTERS INTRODUCTION BY H.F.HARDRATH1 Following a precedent set at previous West Coast National Meetings of the Society,ASTM Committee E-9 on Fatigue again sponsored a Symposium on Fatigue of Aircraft Structures at the West Coast Meeting held in Los Angeles,Calif.,Oct.1-5,1962.As indicated by the presiding officer of one of the sessions,fatigue research may concern itself with any of several levels of complication:(1)the basic mechanism may be studied from the physical and metallurgical points of view;(2)simple specimens may be tested to study the mechanical behavior of the material under carefully controlled loading con-ditions;(3)notches or other disconti-nuities may be used to introduce partially the effect of shape of practical parts;(4)subassemblies may be studied to introduce the effects of somewhat more complicated joints;(5)complete structures may be subjected to neces-sarily simplified representations of ex-pected loading conditions;and(6)service failures may be analyzed.The sym-posium includes papers treating each of these phases of fatigue study and 1 Fatigue Branch,NASA-Langley Research Center,Hampton,Va.introduces effects of high and low temperature.As with other symposia on fatigue,this one does not conclude that the problem is now solved.It does,on the other hand,attempt to assemble representative current thinking on the problem with particular emphasis on aeronautical and missile applications.Several papers pres