_STP_465-1969.pdf

MANUAL ON LOW CYCLE FATIGUE TESTING ASTM SPECIAL TECHNICAL PUBLICATION 465 List price$12.50 AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS 1916 Race Street,Philadelphia,Pa.19103 Copyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Fri Jan 1 22:56:17 EST 2016Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.?9 BY AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS 1969 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number:70-97730 SBN 8031-0023-X NOTE The Society is not responsible,as a body,for the statements and opinions advanced in this publication.Printed in Baltimore,Md.December 1969 Copyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Fri Jan 1 22:56:17 EST 2016Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.Foreword The Manual on Low Cycle Fatigue Testing has been compiled by Subcommittee VIII on Fatigue Under Cyclic Strain of ASTM Commit-tee E-9 on Fatigue.The editorial work was coordinated by R.M.Wetzel,Ford Motor Co.L.F.Coffin,Jr.,General Electric Co.,is chairman of Subcommittee VIII.Copyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Fri Jan 1 22:56:17 EST 2016Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.Related ASTM Publications Fatigue Crack Propagation,STP 415(1967),$30.00 Electron Fractography,STP 436(1968),$11.00 Bibliography on Low Cycle Fatigue 1957-1967(microfiche),STP 449(1969),$3.00 Fatigue at High Temperature STP 459(1969)$11.25 Copyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Fri Jan 1 22:56:17 EST 2016Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.Contents From the Viewpoint of Mechanics of Materials Mechanics of Materials in Low Cycle Fatigue Testing-D.T.RASKE AND JODEAN MORROW.1 From the Viewpoint of Basic Materials Research Basic Research on the Cyclic Deformation and Fracture Behavior of Materials-C.E.FELTNER AND M.R.MITCHELL.27 From the Viewpoint of Materials Evaluation Axial Loading Methods I.A Low Cycle Fatigue Testing Facility-M.H.HIRSCHBERG.67 II.Elevated Temperature Testing Methods-c.H.WELLS.87 III.Controlled-Strain Testing Procedures-T.SLOT,R.H.STENTZ,AND J.T.BERLING.100 IV.High Temperature Materials Behavior-D.c.LORD AND L.F.COFFIN JR.129 Reversed Bending Methods Engineering Materials Evaluation by Reversed Bending-M.R.GROSS.149 From the Viewpoint of Thermal Fatigue Thermal Fatigue Evaluation-A.E.CARDEN.163 Copyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);Fri Jan 1 22:56:17 EST 2016Downloaded/printed byUniversity of Washington(University of Washington)pursuant to License Agreement.No further reproductions authorized.Introduction In the course of the last 15 years a very considerable interest has devel-oped in the testing of metals where the controlling variable is cyclic strain rather than cyclic stress.Commonly referred to as low cycle fatigue testing,it has now developed to a state of refinement such that a discipline exists,at least among those working actively in the field.This special technical publication has been prepared to share the accumulated knowl-edge on the procedures,techniques,and skills now employed by several experts in the field.It is a collection of individually prepared papers describing the practices and viewpoints which each of the several authors feels best answer his particular testing requirements.Although there is much in common in many of the papers,there is no attempt made here to express a consensus;the reader is left to determine for himself which approach or combination of approaches is best suited to his particular needs.It should be further emphasized that the subject is specimen testing rather than component testing,an important distinction which must be reckoned with in relating the fruits of this work to the design of real parts.The interest in low cycle fatigue testing stems directly from the need for information on metals when subjected to relatively few cycles of con-trolled cyclic strain.It may come from a search for methods to study the behavior of metals basically,where the interest is in developing mechanisms for explaining how microstructural and atomic effects can lead to the observed deformation and fracture characteristics,or it may come from the search for quantitative information to predict the life of engineering components subjected to a cyclic history similar to that produced in the laboratory.The latter has become the principal driving force for the development of low cycle fatigue testing methods.Technological advance in the past 15 years has moved toward the use of higher and higher temperatures in materials for engineering structures,accompanied by an increase in the severity and frequency of thermal transients during operation.This trend is translatable into cyclic thermal stresses,or other cyclic loading,which fall directly i