_STP_677-1979.pdf

FRACTURE MECHANICS Proceedings of the Eleventh National Symposium on Fracture Mechanics:Part I A symposium sponsored by ASTM Committee E-24 on Fracture Testing of Metals AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg,Va.,12-14 June 1978 ASTM SPECIAL TECHNICAL PUBLICATION 677 C.W.Smith,Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University,editor List price$60.00 04-677000-30#(AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS 1916 Race Street,Philadelphia,Pa.19103 Copyright AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS 1979 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number:78-74567 NOTE The Society is not responsible,as a body,for the statements and opinions advanced in this publication.Printed in Baltimore,Md.August 1979 Foreword This publication,Fracture Mechanics,contains papers presented at the Eleventh National Symposium on Fracture Mechanics which was held 12-14 June 1978 at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University,Blacksburg,Va.The American Society for Testing and Materials Com-mittee E-24 on Fracture Testing of Metals sponsored the symposium.C.W.Smith,Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University,served as editor of this publication.The proceedings have been divided into two volumes:Part fracture Mechanics and Part IIFracture Mechanics Applied to Brittle Materials.Related ASTM Publications Developments in Fracture Mechanics Test Methods Standardization,STP 632(1977),$24.75,04-632000-30 FractographyMicroscopic Cracking Process,STP 600(1976),$27.50,04-600000-30 Mechanics of Crack Growth,STP 590(1976),$45.25,04-590000-30 A Note of Appreciation to Reviewers This publication is made possible by the authors and,also,the unheralded efforts of the reviewers.This body of technical experts whose dedication,sacrifice of time and effort,and collective wisdom in review-ing the papers must be acknowledged.The quality level of ASTM publications is a direct function of their respected opinions.On behalf of ASTM we acknowledge with appreciation their contribution.ASTM Committee on Publications Editorial Staff Jane B.Wheeler,Managing Editor Helen M.Hoersch,Associate Editor Ellen J.McGlinchey,Senior Assistant Editor Helen Mahy,Assistant Editor Contents Introduction I FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH STUDIES Effect of Biaxial Stresses on Crack GrowthA.F.LIU,J.E.ALLISON,D.F.DITTMER,AND J.R.YAMANE 5 Fatigue Crack Growtli Threshold in Mild Steel Under Combined Loading L.P.POOK AND A.F.GREENAN 23 Sequence Effects on Fatigue Crack Propagation;Mechanical and Micro-structural ContributionsH.NOWACK,K.H.TRAUTMANN,K.SCHULTE,AND G.LUTJERING 36 Variations in Crack Growth Rate BehaviorM.E.ARTLEY,J.P.GALLAGHER,AND H.D.STALNAKER 54 Application of Fracture Mechanics to Damage Accumulation in High Temperature FatigueM.J.DOUGLAS AND A.PLUMTREE 68 Cryogenic Effects on the Fracture Mechanics Parameters of Ferritic Nickel Alloy SteelsR.L.TOBLER,R.P.MIKESELL,AND R.P.REED 85 Evaluation of Temperature Effects on Crack Growth in Aluminum Sheet MaterialD.E.PETTIT AND J.M.VAN ORDEN 106 Effects of Temperature and Frequency on the Fatigue Crack Growth Rate Properties of a 1950 Vintage CrMoV Rotor MaterialT.T.SHIH AND G.A.CLARKE 125 Structural Memory of Cracked Components Under Irregular Loading H.FURRING AND T.SEEGER 144 Effect of the Active Plastic Zone on Fatigue Crack Growth Rates GUNTER MARCI 168 A Comparative Experimental Study on the Fatigue Crack Closure Behavior Under Cyclic Loading for Steels and Aluminum Alloysj.A.VAZQUEZ,AUGUSTO MORRONE,AND J.C.GASCO 187 Effect of Residual Stresses on Fatigue Crack Growth in Steel Weldments Under Constant and Variable Amplitude LoadsGRZECORZ GLINKA 198 Role of Crack-Tip Stress Relaxation in Fatigue Crack GrowthA.SAXENA AND S.J.HUDAK,JR.215 Crack Closure During Fatigue Crack Propagationw.j.D.SHAW AND I.LE MAY 233 Fatigue at Notches and the Local Strain and Fracture Mechanics Approaches N.E.DOWLING 247 A Strain Based Intensity Factor Solution for Short Fatigue Cracks Initiating from NotchesM.H.EL HADDAD,K.N.SMITH,AND T.H.TOPPER 274 Cracli Initiation in a High-Strength Low-Alloy SteelB.L.BRAGLIA,R.W.HERTZBERG,AND RICHARD ROBERTS 290 Effect of Spherical Discontinuities on Fatigue Crack Growth Rate Per-formanceW.G.CLARK,JR.303 Prediction of Fatigue Crack Growth Under Spectrum LoadsA.E.GEMMA AND D,W.SNOW 320 SURFACE FLAWS Semi-Elliptical Cracks in a Cylinder Subjected to Stress Gradientsj.HELIOT,R.C.LABBENS,AND A.PELLISSIER-TANON 341 Stress Intensity Factor Solutions for Internal Longitudinal Semi-Elliptical Surface Flaws in a Cylinder Under Arbitrary LoadingsJ.j.MCGOWAN AND M.RAYMUND 365 Theoretical and Experimental Analysis of Semi-Elliptical Surface Cracks Subject to Thermal ShockG.YAGAWA,M.ICHIMIYA,AND Y.ANDO 381 Growth of Part-Through CracksL.HODULAK,H.KORDISCH,S.KUNZEL-MANN,AND E.SOMMER 399 Stress Intensity Factors for Two Symmetric Corner Cracksi.s.RAJU AND J.C.NEWMAN,JR.411 Influence of Flaw Geometries on Hole-Crack Stress Intensitiesc.w.SMITH,W.H.PETERS,AND S.