_STP_1351-2000.pdf

STP 1351 Wood Structures:A Global Forum on the Treatment,Conservation,and Repair of Cultural Heritage Stephen J.Kelley,Joseph R.Loferski,Alexander J.Salenikovich,and E.George Stern,editors ASTM Stock Number:STP1351 ASTM 100 Barr Harbor Drive PO Box C700 West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959 Printed in the U.S.A.Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Wood structures:A global forum on the treatment,conservation,and repair of cultural heritage/Stephen J.Kelley.et al.,editors.p.cm.-(STP;1351)ASTM Stock Number:STP1351.Includes bibliographical references and index.ISBN 0-8031-2497-X 1.Historic buildings-Conservation and restoration-Congresses.buildings-Congresses.3.Wooden-frame buildings-Congresses.1954-I1.ASTM special technical publication;1351.2.Log I.Kelle Stephen J.,TH3301.W58 2000 694-dc21 00-048498 Copyright?9 2000 AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS,West Conshohocken,PA.All rights reserved.This material may not be reproduced or copied,in whole or in part,in any printed,mechanical,electronic,film,or other distribution and storage media,without the written consent of the publisher.Photocopy Rights Authorization to photocopy items for internal,personal,or educational classroom use,or the internal,personal,or educational classroom use of specific clients,is granted by the American Society for Testing and Materials(ASTM)provided that the appropriate fee is paid to the Copyright Clearance Center,222 Rosewood Drive,Danvers,MA 01923;Tel:978-750-8400;online:http:/ Review Policy Each paper published in this volume was evaluated by two peer reviewers and at least one edi-tor.The authors addressed all of the reviewers comments to the satisfaction of both the technical editor(s)and the ASTM Committee on Publications.To make technical information available as quickly as possible,the peer-reviewed papers in this publication were prepared camera-ready as submitted by the authors.The quality of the papers in this publication reflects not only the obvious efforts of the authors and the technical editor(s),but also the work of the peer reviewers.In keeping with long-standing publication practices,ASTM maintains the anonymity of the peer reviewers.The ASTM Committee on Publications acknowledges with appreciation their dedication and contribution of time and effort on behalf of ASTM.Printed in Philadelphia,PA November 2000 Dedication This book is lovingly dedicated to Evelyn and Wendell Kelley through whom all things have become possible for me.-sjk This book is sponsored by ASTM Committee E6.Contents Overview vii A PRIMER ON WOOD HERITAGE History of Timber Construction-G.c.FOLIENTE THE CHURCH OF THE TRANSFIGURATION OF KIZHI ISLAND The Kizhi Pogost Architectural Complex in Old Photographs-M.MILTCHIK Wood Condition in the Church of The Transfiguration at the Kizhi Museum-V.A.KOZLOV,V.I.KRUTOV,M.V.KISTERNAYA,AND T.I.VAHRAMEEVA Monitoring Deformations on the Church of The Transfiguration-T.I.VAHRAMEEVA,I.V.LUBIMOV,AND V.J.TSVETKOV Concepts of Repair,Restoration,and Reinforcement of the Church of The Transfiguration-u v.PISKUNOV CHALLENGES OF LOG STRUCTURES Inspection and Evaluation of Decay in Log Struetures-J.MATTSSON Environmental Problems in Preserving Wooden Buildings at the Estonian Open Air Museum-M.LAHT Conservation of the Wooden Garner in Paezeriai,Lithuania-N.VILCONCIENE AND J.DROBELIENE The Role of Natural Conservation of Wood in Preservation of Wooden Architectural Monuments-E.i.KUDRJAVTSEVA AND A.P.LITVINTSEVA The Restoration of Sodankyli Old Church-M.KAIRAMO 25 41 61 66 79 95 107 116 131 CHALLENGES OF FRAME STRUCTURES Strategies for the Preservation of Historic Wooden Structures-J.L.LEWANDOSKI The Treatment of Fungal Growth in Heritage Structures in Denmarkm O.MUNCK AND J.FODE Alternative Strategies in Restoring a Medieval Barumo.T.YEOMANS AND A.C.SMITH Diagnosis of Wood Timbers:La Longa Building in Valencia,Spain-L.PALAIA-PEREZ Structural Stabilization Challenges of a Presidential Home-A.w.OBRIGHT Addressing 150 Years of Structural Modifications:The Charles Arnold and Julia Sprigg Houses at Lincoln Home National Historic Site-c.A.DRONE The Maloney-Bridget Smith House:A Case Study in Preservation Philosophy-J.w.FOSTER 153 161 176 188 205 224 239 SPECIAL STUDIES Totem Pole and House Post Conservation-R.E.SHEETZ Conservation Investigation for Preservation of a Historic Timber Hut in Antarctica-J.O.HUGHES Author Index Subject Index 255 269 297 299 Overview The Fragile Wood Heritage Wooden architecture is far more important in the built heritage of the northern European countries than in western Europe or in the Americas.Though wood was the primary building material in pre-medieval times in Europe,the establishment of a feudal society in western Europe brought the predominance of brick and stone construction.The Americas and Aus-tralia followed these traditions?In the northern Slav territories,however,the tradition of wooden architecture rendered in logs predominated through the Middle Ages for the con-struc