ASTM_G_205_-_16.pdf

Designation:G20516Standard Guide forDetermining Emulsion Properties,Wetting Behavior,andCorrosion-Inhibitory Properties of Crude Oils1This standard is issued under the fixed designation G205;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide presents some generally accepted laboratorymethodologies that are used for determining emulsion formingtendency,wetting behavior,and corrosion-inhibitory propertiesof crude oil.1.2 This guide does not cover detailed calculations andmethods,but rather covers a range of approaches that havefound application in evaluating emulsions,wettability,and thecorrosion rate of steel in crude oil/water mixtures.1.3 Only those methodologies that have found wide accep-tance in the industry are considered in this guide.1.4 This guide is intended to assist in the selection ofmethodologies that can be used for determining the corrosivityof crude oil under conditions in which water is present in theliquid state(typically up to 100C).These conditions normallyoccur during oil and gas production,storage,and transportationin the pipelines.1.5 This guide is not applicable at higher temperatures(typically above 300C)that occur during refining crude oil inrefineries.1.6 This guide involves the use of electrical currents in thepresence of flammable liquids.Awareness of fire safety iscritical for the safe use of this guide.1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D96 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Crude Oil byCentrifuge Method(Field Procedure)(Withdrawn 2000)3D473 Test Method for Sediment in Crude Oils and Fuel Oilsby the Extraction MethodD665 Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics ofInhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of WaterD724 Test Method for Surface Wettability of Paper(Angle-of-Contact Method)(Withdrawn 2009)3D1125 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity and Resis-tivity of WaterD1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD1141 Practice for the Preparation of Substitute OceanWaterD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD4006 Test Method for Water in Crude Oil by DistillationD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4377 Test Method for Water in Crude Oils by Potentiomet-ric Karl Fischer TitrationG1 Practice for Preparing,Cleaning,and Evaluating Corro-sion Test SpecimensG31 Guide for Laboratory Immersion Corrosion Testing ofMetalsG111 Guide for Corrosion Tests in High Temperature orHigh Pressure Environment,or BothG170 Guide for Evaluating and Qualifying Oilfield andRefinery Corrosion Inhibitors in the LaboratoryG184 Practice for Evaluating and Qualifying Oil Field andRefinery Corrosion Inhibitors Using Rotating CageG185 Practice for Evaluating and Qualifying Oil Field andRefinery Corrosion Inhibitors Using the Rotating CylinderElectrodeG193 Terminology and Acronyms Relating to Corrosion1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G01 on Corrosion ofMetals and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G01.05 on LaboratoryCorrosion Tests.Current edition approved Nov.1,2016.Published December 2016.Originallyapproved in 2010.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as G205 10.DOI:10.1520/G0205-16.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 G202 Test Method for UsingAtmospheric Pressure RotatingCage2.2 ISO Standard:4ISO 6614 Petroleum productsDetermination of WaterSeparability of Petroleum Oils and Synthetic Fluids2.3 NACE Standard:5TM0172 Standard Test Method Determining CorrosiveProperties of Cargoes in Petroleum Product Pipelines3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsThe terminology used herein,if not spe-cifically defined otherwise,shall be in accordance with termi-nologies in Guide G170,Terminology G193,and TerminologyD1129.Definitions provided herein and not given in terminolo-gies in Guide G170,Terminology G193,and TerminologyD1129 are limited only to this standard.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 emulsion,na two-phase immiscible liquid system inwhich one phase is dispersed as droplets in the oth