ASTM_G_105_-_16.pdf

Designation:G10516Standard Test Method forConducting Wet Sand/Rubber Wheel Abrasion Tests1This standard is issued under the fixed designation G105;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers laboratory procedures for de-termining the resistance of metallic materials to scratchingabrasion by means of the wet sand/rubber wheel test.It is theintent of this procedure to provide data that will reproduciblyrank materials in their resistance to scratching abrasion undera specified set of conditions.1.2 Abrasion test results are reported as volume loss incubic millimetres.Materials of higher abrasion resistance willhave a lower volume loss.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D2000 Classification System for Rubber Products in Auto-motive ApplicationsD2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometer Hard-nessE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSievesE122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,WithSpecified Precision,the Average for a Characteristic of aLot or ProcessE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsG40 Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion2.2 SAE Standard:3SAE J200 Classification System for Rubber Materials3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 abrasive wearwear due to hard particles or hardprotuberances forced against and moving along a solid surface.3.1.1.1 DiscussionThis definition covers several differentwear modes or mechanisms that fall under the abrasive wearcategory.These modes may degrade a surface by scratching,cutting,deformation,or gouging(1 and 2).4G404.Summary of Test Method4.1 The wet sand/rubber wheel abrasion test(Fig.1)in-volves the abrading of a standard test specimen with a slurrycontaining grit of controlled size and composition.The abra-sive is introduced between the test specimen and a rotatingwheel with a neoprene rubber tire or rim of a specifiedhardness.The test specimen is pressed against the rotatingwheel at a specified force by means of a lever arm while thegrit abrades the test surface.The rotation of the wheel is suchthat stirring paddles on both sides agitate the abrasive slurrythrough which it passes to provide grit particles to be carriedacross the contact face in the direction of wheel rotation.4.2 Three wheels are required with nominal Shore ADurometer hardnesses of 50,60,and 70,with a hardnesstolerance of 62.0.Arun-in is conducted with the 50 Durometerwheel,followed by the test with 50,60,and 70 Durometerwheels in order of increasing hardness.Specimens are weighedbefore and after each run and the loss in mass recorded.Thelogarithms of mass loss are plotted as a function of measuredrubber wheel hardness and a test value is determined from aleast square line as the mass loss at 60.0 Durometer.It isnecessary to convert the mass loss to volume loss,due to widedifferences in density of materials,in order to obtain a rankingof materials.Abrasion is then reported as volume loss in cubicmillimetres.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G02 on Wearand Erosion and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G02.30 on AbrasiveWear.Current edition approved June 1,2016.Published June 2016.Originallyapproved in 1989.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as G105 02(2007)which was withdrawn January 2016 and reinstated in June 2016.DOI:10.1520/G0105-16.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Society of Automotive Engineers(SAE),400 CommonwealthDr.,Warrendale,PA 15096-0001.4The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end ofthis standard.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 5.Significance and Use(1-7)5.1 The severity of abrasive wear in any system will dependupon the abrasive particle size,shape and hardness,themagnitude of the stress imposed by the particle,and thefrequency of contact of the abrasive particle.In this testmethod these conditions are standardized to develop a uniformcondition of wear which has been referred to as scratchingabrasion(1 and 2).Since the test method does not attempt toduplicate all of the pro