Designation:F1583−95(Reapproved2012)StandardPracticeforCommunicationsProcedures—Phonetics1ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF1583;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(´)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.1.Scope1.1EstablishmentofPhonetics—Thispracticecoverstheestablishmentofphonetics(includinganalphabet,numerals,andpunctuations),andtheproceduresfortheiruse,incom-munications.1.2Performance—Thispracticeisintendedtofacilitatetheperformanceofcommunicationspersonnelandsystemsunderadversecommunicationsconditions.Thisobjectiveisachievedbyemployingeasilyrecognizedandusedsymbolsandproce-duresthatarehighlyresistanttoerrors.Thissystemmaybeusedwithspeech,print,orothermedia.1.3Interoperability—Thispracticeisintendedtofacilitatetheinteroperabilityofcommunicationspersonnelandsystemsamongdifferentorganizations,especiallyiftheyusedifferentinternalpractices.Thissystemisalsorecommendedforusewithinanyorganizationforimprovedinternalcommunicationsanduniformityofoperations.1.4EnglishasCommonLanguage—Thispracticeisin-tendedforusewithEnglish.EnglishhasbeendesignatedbytheInternationalCivilAviationOrganization(ICAO)andothersasacommoninteroperabilitylanguagethatiswidelyusedinsearchandrescue,emergency,andinternationalopera-tionssuchasaviation,maritime,andmilitary.2.Terminology2.1Theterminologyusedinthispracticeisderivedfromreferences(1-10).2,32.2automaticrepeat-request(ARQ)—asystemoferrorcontrolforinformationtransmissioninwhichthereceivingstationisarrangedtodetectatransmissionerrorandautomati-callytransmitarepeat-requestsignaltothetransmittingstation.Thetransmittingstationthenretransmitsthemessageuntilitiseithercorrectlyreceivedortheerrorpersistsbeyondapredeterminednumberoftransmittals.2.3errorcorrectingcode—acodeinwhicheachsymbolconformstospecificrulesofconstructionsothatdeparturesfromthiscons...
