ASTM_F_1413_-_07_2013.pdf

Designation:F141307(Reapproved 2013)Standard Guide forOil Spill Dispersant Application Equipment:Boom andNozzle Systems1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1413;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide covers design criteria,requirements,materialcharacteristics,and essential features for oil spill dispersantapplication systems.This guide is not intended to be restrictiveto a specific configuration.1.2 This guide covers spray systems employing booms andnozzles and is not fully applicable to other systems such as firemonitors,sonic distributors,or fan-spray guns.1.3 This guide covers systems for use on ships or boats andhelicopters or airplanes.1.4 This guide is one of four related to dispersant applica-tion systems using booms and nozzles.One is on design,oneon calibration,one on deposition measurements,and one on theuse of the systems.Familiarity with all four guides is recom-mended.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F1460 Practice for Calibrating Oil Spill Dispersant Applica-tion Equipment Boom and Nozzle SystemsF1738 Test Method for Determination of Deposition ofAerially Applied Oil Spill Dispersants3.Significance and Use3.1 This guide will enable design of oil spill dispersantapplication equipment using boom and nozzle systems andensure a desired dosage and uniformity across the swath width.3.2 This guide provides information for designing andspecifying dispersant spray application equipment to obtainoptimal application rates.These include specifications forminimum equipment performance,equations for estimatingoperational parameters,material considerations,and a list ofinformation to be provided to the equipment purchaser.4.Equipment Description4.1 GeneralOil spill dispersant spray systems include oneor more booms with nozzles to form droplets,a pumping orpressure system to deliver dispersants to the boom,andassociated piping and valving.All systems shall include adispersant flow meter and a pressure gauge.All systems shallbe equipped with provision for cleaning and drainage.4.2 Ship/BoatEach boom holding nozzles shall be de-signed to be mounted near the bow of the vessel so that thespray is uniformly deposited on the slick surface.Spray unitscan be portable or fixed.Flow correction or straightenerdevices,to ensure laminar flow,shall precede the nozzles.System components should be designed to give a uniformdroplet spray as described in this guide.The spray patternshould be flat and strike the water in a line perpendicular to thevessels line of travel.The nozzle spray angle should be suchthat spray from adjacent nozzles overlap just above the water.4.3 AirplanesMounting of spray booms on aircraft issubject to federal regulation.Each installation or modificationrequires approval.4.3.1 Nozzles may not be necessary on aircraft flying atspeeds greater than 220 km/h(120 knots or 135 mph)becausethe wind shear alone can produce the required droplet sizes.Pressure-activated check valves must be used to eliminatedrainage during nonspraying transits.In order to minimize theeffects of wind shear,nozzles should be oriented aft(180 fromthe direction of flight).4.4 HelicoptersSystems may consist of spray booms withnozzles and pump/tank assemblies directly attached to thehelicopter or a bucket system slung below the helicopter.4.4.1 The bucket system consists of a tank and pumpassembly to which spray booms with nozzles are attached.Theassembly is supported from the helicopter by a cable systemand is remotely-controlled from the helicopter cabin.An1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on HazardousSubstances and Oil Spill Responseand is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeF20.13 on Treatment.Current edition approved April 1,2013.Published July 2013.Originallyapproved in 1992.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as F1413 07.DOI:10.1520/F1413-07R13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 indication of dispersant flow is required in the helicoptercockpit.The bucket must be stabilized against rotation,yaw,and sway.5.Minimum Equipment Performance Specifications5.1 Target DosageOil spill dispersant spray equipmentshall provide a dis